Definition
Split-attention occurs when learners are required to split their attention between two or more mutually dependent sources of information (e.g., text and diagram), which have been separated either spatially or temporally. If information of each source is essential for understanding the topic, all information given must be mentally integrated by the learner for learning to occur. However, this forced integration process increases demands on the learner’s working memory (WM) and can impact negatively on learning. To create effective learning environments instructional designers must avoid split-attention by externally integrating the different sources of information together into a single integrated source of information. For example, an integrated formatcan be achieved by embedding written instructions within a diagram (avoiding spatial separation) or aligning spoken text with the targeted picture...
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Ayres, P., Cierniak, G. (2012). Split-Attention Effect. In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_19
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