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Institutional Review Board (IRB)

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Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine

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Synonyms

Research ethics committee

Definition

Institutional Review Board (IRB) is a committee containing members of mixed backgrounds and including both scientist and nonscientist members whose task is to review and monitor biomedical and behavioral research involving human subjects. The World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki (2010) and Council for International Organizations of Medical Science’s International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects establish the international standard for biomedical research and require IRB as scientific review and ethical review committee, which is called the research ethics committee (REC) in the most of the world. IRB is assigned to the authority and responsibility for approving or disapproving proposals to conduct research involving human subjects. The chief purpose of IRB reviews is to assess the scientific and ethical merit and usefulness of the research and its methods and to ensure that research...

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References and Readings

  • Bridge, A. (2005). Institutional review board. In C. Mitcham (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of science, technology, and ethics? (pp. 1024–1026). Detroit: Macmillan Reference.

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  • Levine, R. J. (2004). Research ethics committees. In S. G. Post (Ed.), Encyclopedia of bioethics (3rd ed., pp. 2311–2316). New York: Macmillan Library Reference.

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  • The World Medical Association. (2010). The world medical association’s declaration of Helsinki. Retrieved May 07, 2012, from http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stress Science and Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, 113-8655, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Dr. Yoshiyuki Takimoto

Authors
  1. Dr. Yoshiyuki Takimoto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoshiyuki Takimoto .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Behavioral Medicine Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA

    Marc D. Gellman

  2. Cardiovascular Safety, Quintiles, Durham, NC, USA

    J. Rick Turner

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© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, New York

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Takimoto, Y. (2013). Institutional Review Board (IRB). In: Gellman, M.D., Turner, J.R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_411

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_411

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1004-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-1005-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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