Batteries, Introduction

Batteries for storage of electricity from solar and wind generation farms are a key element in the success of sustainability . Electric vehicles are the second link in the chain powered by advanced battery systems. This section describes the various devices used in electrochemical energy storage including an overview of electrochemical processes and devices.

Nanocarbons for supercapacitors describes electrochemical capacitors, sometimes called supercapacitors, and are energy storage devices similar to batteries but capable of delivering large amounts of energy in a very short time. These devices rely on the characteristics of the electrical double layer that forms on all conductors when immersed in an electrolyte. The electrical double layer has a high capacitance because the charges are separated on the order of atomic dimensions. Since there is no mass transfer involved in the delivery of current, response time to a change is 10⁻⁶s or faster. As a result, electrochemical capacitors...