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Coal Preparation

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Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology

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Definition of the Subject

Coal preparation, which may also be called washing, cleaning or processing, is the methodology by which coal feedstocks are upgraded in order to reduce freight costs, improve utilization properties and minimize environmental impacts. The upgrading, which occurs after mining and before transport of the cleaned product to market, is achieved using a variety of low-cost solid–solid and solid–liquid separation processes. Examples of processing technologies used by this industry include screening, classification, dense medium separation, gravity concentration, froth flotation, centrifugation, filtration and thickening. Several of these processes also play an important role in environmental control for the preparation facility.

Introduction

According to the annual census of coal preparation plants conducted by Coal Age [1], the USA operates 286 coal preparation plants in 12 states. This number is relatively small by comparison to the worldwide fleet which is...

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Abbreviations

Ash:

A measure of coal purity that consists of the noncombustible residue that remains after coal is completely burned.

Cut size:

The particle size that has an equal probability of reporting to either the oversize or undersize product of a sizing device such as a screen or hydraulic classifier.

Cut point:

The density corresponding to a particle that has an equal probability of reporting to either the clean coal or reject product of a density-based separator.

Dense medium:

An aqueous suspension of high-density micron-sized particles (usually magnetite) used to separate coal from rock based on differences in density.

Organic efficiency:

An indicator of coal cleaning performance calculated by dividing actual clean coal yield by the theoretical maximum yield attainable at the same ash content according to washability analysis.

Washability:

A laboratory procedure that uses dense liquids (usually organic) to partition particles into various density fractions that represent the ideal separation potential of coal (also called float–sink analysis).

Yield:

An indicator of separation performance (usually reported as a percentage) that is calculated by dividing the clean coal tonnage by the feed coal tonnage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering, Holden Hall Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA

    Dr. Gerald H. Luttrell

  2. Department of Mining Engineering, Mining & Mineral Resources Engineering University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA

    Dr. Rick Q. Honaker

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Correspondence to Gerald H. Luttrell .

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    Robert A. Meyers

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Luttrell, G.H., Honaker, R.Q. (2012). Coal Preparation . In: Meyers, R.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_431

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