Skip to main content

Field Stabilization of Immovable Heritage

  • Reference work entry
  • 97 Accesses

Introduction

In recent decades, conservation professionals have been increasingly involved in field excavations in order to stabilize materials during the critical moment when they are most susceptible to rapid and severe deterioration due to the radical change in environment from buried to exposed states. While it is more common for archaeological objects removed from a site to be subject to stabilization treatments during the excavation process, similar measures are now more frequently being planned and carried out in the field also on immovable heritage, namely, the architectural remains of a site, and the site itself, to prevent their deterioration or loss. Both preventive conservation measures and remedial interventions to stabilize sites during excavation, followed by monitoring and maintenance programs, are essential components of conservation and management planning for archaeological sites (Fig. 1).

Definition

In situ stabilization interventions, whether they are remedial...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   5,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ashurst, J. (ed.) 2007. Conservation of ruins. Oxford: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caple, C. 2000. Conservation skills: judgment, method and decision making. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corfield, M. 1996. Preventive conservation for archaeological sites, in A. Roy & P. Smith (ed.) Archaeological conservation and its consequences. Preprints of the contributions to the Copenhagen Congress, 26-30 August 1996: 32-7. London: International Institute for Conservation, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • - 2003. A framework for the documentation of in situ conservation projects, in D. Michaelides (ed.) Mosaics make a site: the conservation in situ of mosaics on archaeological sites. Proceedings of the 6th Conference of the International Committee for the Conservation of Mosaics, Nicosia, Cyprus, 1996: 123-48. Rome: International Committee for the Conservation of Mosaics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demas, M. 2001. Annotated bibliography on protective shelters for archaeological sites. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 5: 91-105.

    Google Scholar 

  • - 2004. ‘Site unseen’: the case for the reburial of archaeological sites. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 6: 137-54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demas, M. & N. Agnew. 2006. Decision making for conservation of archaeological sites: the example of the Laetoli Hominid Trackway, Tanzania, in N. Agnew & J. Bridgland (ed.) Of the past, for the future: integrating archaeology and conservation. Proceedings of the conservation theme at the 5 th World Archaeological Congress, Washington, DC, 22-26 June, 2003: 64-72. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Getty Conservation Institute. 2011. Technician training for the maintenance of in situ mosaics. 2011 edition. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute. Available at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/tech_training_en.pdf.

  • Jokilehto, J. 2006. Considerations on authenticity and integrity in World Heritage context. City & Time 2(1): 1-16. Available at: http://www.ceci-br.org/novo/revista/docs2006/CT-2006-44.pdf.

  • Roby, T. & L. Alberti. in press. Costs and benefits of in situ mosaic conservation: an analysis of technician training and conservation work in Tunisia, 2001-2008, in Proceedings of the 10 th Conference of the International Committee for the Conservation of Mosaics (ICCM), Palermo, Italy, October 20-26, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roby, T. & M. Demas. (ed.) 2012a. Mosaics in situ: an overview of literature on conservation of mosaics in situ. Chapter 4: protective shelters for archaeological sites. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute. Available at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/lit_review.pdf.

  • - 2012b. Mosaics in situ: an overview of literature on conservation of mosaics in situ. Chapter 5: reburial and protective covering of mosaics. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute. Available at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/lit_review.pdf.

  • Roby, T., L. Alberti & A. Ben Abed. 2010. A preliminary assessment of mosaic reburials in Tunisia, in C. Rozeik, A. Roy & D. Saunders (ed.) Conservation and the Eastern Mediterranean, Contributions to the Istanbul Congress, 20-24 September, 2010: 207-13. London: International Institute for Conservation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanley-Price, N. & R. Burch. (ed.) 2004. Special issue on site reburial. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 6. London: James and James.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanley-Price, N. & F. Matero (ed.) 2001. Special issue on protective shelters. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 5. London: James and James.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J. 2013. The stabilization and protection of archaeological sites from natural processes, in Selected readings from a course in the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property ATHAR Programme (Conservation of cultural heritage in the Arab region): issues in the conservation and management of heritage sites: 83-91. Sharjah: ICCROM-ATHAR Sharjah Centre.

    Google Scholar 

Further Reading

  • Adam, J.-P. & A. Boussoutrot. 1990. Restauration architectural et preservation des sites archeologiques, in M.-C. Berducou (ed.) La conservation en archeologie: methodes et pratique de la conservation-restauration des vestiges archeologiques: 333-6, 490. Paris: Masson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Agnew, N. & J. Bridgland. (ed.) 2006. Of the past, for the future: integrating conservation and archaeology. Proceedings of the conservation theme at the 5th World Archaeological Congress, Washington, DC, 22-26 June, 2003. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fielden, B. M. & J. Jokilehto. 1998. Management guidelines for world cultural heritage sites, 2nd edn. Rome: ICCROM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Getty Conservation Institute. 2003. Archaeological site management bibliography (reburial). Available at: http://gcibibs.getty.edu/asp/.

  • Henry, A. & J. Stewart. (ed.) 2011. Mortars, renders and plasters (Practical Building Conservation series). Farnham: Ashgate in association with English Heritage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Icahm. 1994.V estiges archeologiques. La conservation in situ/archaeological remains: in situ preservation, 1996. Proceedings of the 2nd ICAHM International Conference. ICOMOS International Committee on Archaeological Heritage Management, Montreal, October 11-15, 1994. Ottawa: ICOMOS Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Icomos. 1964. The International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites (The Venice Charter). Available at http://www.icomos.org/charters/venice_e.pdf.

  • - 1990. Charter for the Protection and Management of the Archaeological Heritage. Available at http://www.international.icomos.org/charters/arch_e.pdf.

  • - 1996. Nara Document on Authenticity. Available at http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/events/documents/event-833-3.pdf.

  • Jones, K.L. 1994. Archaeological site stabilization and reconstruction in the United States: Winston Churchill Memorial Fellowship Report, 1993 (Science and Research Internal Report 145). Wellington: Department of Conservation. Available at http://www.doc.govt.nz/documents/science-and-technical/SRIR145.pdf.

  • Letellier, R., W. Schmid & F. LeBlanc.(ed.) Recording, documentation, and information management for the conservation of heritage places, Volume 1: guiding principles. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute. Available at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications/pdf_publications/recordim.html.

  • Lourenco, P. B. 2006. Structural restoration of monuments: recommendations and advances in research and practices, in A. A. Hamid (ed.) Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Heritage Masonry Structures: Cairo, Egypt, April 24-27, 2006. Cairo: Supreme Council of Antiquities.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matero, F. 2006. Loss, compensation and authenticity in architectural conservation. Journal of Architectural Conservation 12: 71-90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nickens, P. R. 2000. Technologies for in-place protection and long-term conservation of archaeological sites, in R.A. Williamson & P.R. Nickens (ed.) Science and technology in historic preservation: 309-32. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nixon, T. (ed.) 2004. Preserving archaeological remains in situ? Proceedings of the 2 nd Conference, 12-14 th September 2001. London: Museum of Archaeology Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesarese, P. & M. Martelli Castaldi. 2007. Conservation measures for an archaeological site at risk (Herculaneum, Italy): from emergency to maintenance. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites 8: 215-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, S. 1997. A planning model for the management of archaeological sites, in M. De la Torre (ed.) The conservation of archeological sites in the Mediterranean region: an international conference organized by the Getty Conservation Institute and the J. Paul Getty Museum, 6-12 May 1995: 15-26. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, S. & R. Mackay. (ed.) 2012. Archaeological sites: conservation and management (Readings in Conservation series). Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torraca, G. 2009. Lectures on materials science for architectural conservation. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute. Available at http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications/pdf_publications/torraca.pdf.

Download references

Acknowledgments

Copyright 2014 The J. Paul Getty Trust. All rights reserved.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Thomas Roby .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 The J. Paul Getty Trust

About this entry

Cite this entry

Roby, T. (2014). Field Stabilization of Immovable Heritage. In: Smith, C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_430

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_430

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-0426-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0465-2

  • eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law

Publish with us

Policies and ethics