Synonyms
Metalloprotein (broader term)
Definition
Enzyme protein containing one or more metal cofactor(s).
Introduction
Metalloenzymes are enzyme proteins containing metal ions (metal cofactors), which are directly bound to the protein or to enzyme-bound nonprotein components (prosthetic groups). About one-third of all enzymes known so far are metalloenzymes (see Holm et al., 1996 for a general overview). Besides enzymes, other metalloproteins are involved in non-enzyme electron transfer reactions (cytochromes), may act as storage (e.g., ferritin for iron) or transport proteins (e.g., transferrin for iron). In the latter groups of proteins, the metal storage is reversible and the metal is a temporary component. Also ribozymes, i.e., RNA molecules with enzyme function may contain structurally and/or functionally important metal ions (mostly divalent metal ions such as Mg2+) and may be therefore termed as metalloenzymes in a broader sense (Sigel and Pyle, 2007).
Though primarily focused...
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Hoppert, M. (2011). Metalloenzymes. In: Reitner, J., Thiel, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geobiology. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9212-1_134
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