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Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks pp 127–136Cite as

Classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks

Part of the Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series book series (EESS)

Sediments and sedimentary rocks may be divided into two kinds, intrabasinal or autochthonous and extrabasinal or allochthonous. Intrabasinal sediments and sedimentary rocks or autochthonous deposits are those whose particles were derived from within the basin of deposition. Most carbonate sediments and rocks (including limestones and dolomites or dolostones) were precipitated within a basin of deposition. Terrigenous particles or sedimentary rocks belong to the extrabasinal or allochthonous group and were derived from outside the basin of deposition; examples are sandstones and shales (Lajoie, 1979; Friedman et al., 1992).

Intrabasinal or autochthonous deposits

Intrabasinal or autochthonous particles include various solids that grew biochemically or chemically in the waters of the depositional basin. These include carbonate biocrystals and other carbonate particles, silica biocrystals, particles composed of evaporite minerals, and certain authigenic minerals, such as glaucony...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Brooklyn College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Gerald M. Friedman

  2. Northeastern Science Foundation, 15 Third Street, P.O. Box 746, Troy, NY, 12181, USA

    Gerald M. Friedman

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  1. Gerald M. Friedman
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada

    Gerard V. Middleton

  2. Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T IZ2, Canada

    Michael J. Church

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G I, Canada

    Mario Coniglio

  4. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

    Lawrence A. Hardie

  5. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada

    Frederick J. Longstaffe

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© 1978 Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Inc.

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Friedman, G.M. (1978). Classification of sediments and sedimentary rocks. In: Middleton, G.V., Church, M.J., Coniglio, M., Hardie, L.A., Longstaffe, F.J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3609-5_44

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3609-5_44

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