Cerebral hemisphere

The surface of each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital), named for the bones that lie above them. The temporal lobe comprises the lateral region of the cerebral hemispheres. The temporal lobe is involved in hearing, vision, language, and memory. It is positioned in front of occipital lobe, behind the frontal lobe, and below the parietal lobe. The superior surface of the temporal lobe is continuous with the lateral sulcus. The lateral surface of the temporal lobe contains the superior, middle, and inferior gyri. Below the inferior temporal gyrus and inferior surface is the occipitotemporal gyrus.

There are four functionally distinct areas of the temporal lobe: primary auditory cortex, Wernicke’s area essential for language comprehension, an inferior region involved in higher order visual processing, and a medial part concerned with learning and memory. The primary auditory...