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Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development pp 476Cite as

Declarative Memory

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Synonyms

Explicit memory; Long-term memory

Definition

Declarative or explicit memory is one of two categories of long-term memory. The other is procedural memory. Declarative memory is the conscious recollection of experiences, events, and information used in everyday living.

Description

Declarative memory stores facts that are consciously known and is separated into semantic and episodic memory. Semantic memory is the storing of general factual knowledge, independent of personal experience. Knowing telephone numbers, foods, capital cities and specific words and definitions are example. Episodic memories include specific experiences, skills and events of a life. Examples are riding a bicycle, attending a music concert or a specific person. The memory types are considered to be connected to and support each other.

Declarative memory is aggressively studied in a variety of academic and medical disciplines such as psychological science, biology, and a variety of studies involving the...

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References

  1. Eichenbaum, H. (1997). Declarative memory: Insights from cognitive neurobiology. Annual review of psychology, 48, 547–572.

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  2. Knowlton, B. J., & Squire, L. R. (1995). Remembering and knowing: Two different expressions of declarative memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(3), 699–710.

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  3. Manns, J. R., & Eichenbaum, H. (2006). Evolution of declarative memory. Hippocampus, 16(9), 795–808.

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  4. McKee, R. D., & Squire, L. R. (1993). On the development of declarative memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19(2), 397–404.

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  5. Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds.), Organization of Memory, pp. 381–403. New York: Academic.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Teacher Education, University of the Incarnate Word College of Education, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, 4049 O Grady, Corpus Christi, TX, 78413, USA

    Stephanie A. Grote-Garcia

  2. Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA

    Forrest D. McDowell

Authors
  1. Stephanie A. Grote-Garcia
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  2. Forrest D. McDowell
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephanie A. Grote-Garcia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, 230 South 500 East, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA

    Sam Goldstein Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology MS 2C6, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA

    Jack A. Naglieri Ph.D. (Professor of Psychology) (Professor of Psychology)

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Grote-Garcia, S.A., McDowell, F.D. (2011). Declarative Memory. In: Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_786

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