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Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development pp 282–284Cite as

Brain Abnormalities

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Synonyms

Neurological

Definition

The term brain abnormalities, refers to any atypical feature in brain functioning, structure or biochemical levels. The etiologies of abnormalities differ widely, from genetic, parinatal compactions, developmental and traumatic disorders, toxins and diseases of the mother and/or child. The severity of the abnormalities differ widely, and the extent to which they are obvious in the patient is not always predictable.

Description

Brain abnormalities are wide ranging and can be both organic, developmental or a combination of both in origin. Research has linked the presence of brain abnormalities to a variety of conditions including developmental disorders such as Autism [2], Schizophrenia [3], Alcoholism [5], various types of brain tumors, and dementias.

With the remarkably complex nature of early brain development, human brain is extremely susceptible to chemical imbalances, problems with infections, and malnutrition. All these factors can interact in the...

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References/Further Readings

  1. Andersen, S. L. (2003). Trajectories of brain development: Point of vulnerability or window of opportunity? Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 27, 3–18.

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  2. Bauman, M., & Kemper, T. L. (1985). Histoanatomic observations of the brain in early infantile autism. Neurology, 35(6), 866–874.

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  3. Courchesne, E., & Plante, E. (1996). In R. W. Thatcher, G. R. Lyon, J. Rumsey, & N. Kransnegor (Eds.), Developmental neuroimagine: Mapping the development of brain and behavior (pp. 43–65). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

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  4. D’Amato, R. C., Fletcher-Janzen, E., & Reynolds, C. R. (Eds.). (2005). Handbook of school neuropsychology. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley.

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  5. Pfefferbaum, A., & Rosenbloom, M. (2001). Sex differences in the effects of alcohol on brain structure. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(2), 188–198.

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  6. Riccio, C. A., & Pizzitola-Jarratt, K. (2003). Abnormalities of neurological development. In R. C. D’Amato, E. Fletcher-Janzen, & C. R. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of school neuropsychology (pp. 61–87). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School Psychology Program, Ball State University, 3764 N. Tillotson Ave Apt #164, Muncie, IN, 47304, USA

    Matthew J. Holcomb

  2. Neuropsychology Laboratory - TC 904, Ball State University, Teachers College Room 502K, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA

    Raymond S. Dean

Authors
  1. Matthew J. Holcomb
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  2. Raymond S. Dean
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, 230 South 500 East, Suite 100, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA

    Sam Goldstein Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology MS 2C6, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA

    Jack A. Naglieri Ph.D. (Professor of Psychology) (Professor of Psychology)

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© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Holcomb, M.J., Dean, R.S. (2011). Brain Abnormalities. In: Goldstein, S., Naglieri, J.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_406

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_406

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-77579-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-79061-9

  • eBook Packages: Behavioral Science

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