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Face Recognition, Geometric vs. Appearance-Based

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Encyclopedia of Biometrics

Synonyms

Features vs. Templates; Shape vs. Texture

Definition

In 2D face recognition, images are often represented either by their geometric structure, or by encoding their intensity values. A geometric representation is obtained by transforming the image into geometric primitives such as points and curves. This is done, for example, by locating distinctive features such as eyes, mouth, nose, and chin, and measuring their relative position, width, and possibly other parameters. Appearance-based representation is based on recording various statistics of the pixels’ values within the face image. Examples include: recording the intensities of the image as 2D arrays called templates and computing histograms of edge detectors’ outputs.

Introduction

Face identification systems are challenged by variations in head pose, camera viewpoint, image resolution, illumination, and facial expression, as well as by longer-term changes to the hair, skin, and head’s structure. The geometric approach,...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University,  , Israel

    Lior Wolf

Authors
  1. Lior Wolf
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Biometrics and Security Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Stan Z. Li (Professor) (Professor)

  2. Departments of Computer Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Anil Jain (Professor) (Professor)

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Wolf, L. (2009). Face Recognition, Geometric vs. Appearance-Based. In: Li, S.Z., Jain, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_92

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