Synonyms
Definition
Face Sample Synthesis denotes the process of generating the image of a human face by a computer program. The input of this process is a set of parameters that describes (1) the position from which the face is viewed, (2) the illumination environment around the face, (3) the identity of the person, and (4) the expression of the person. Other parameters may also be used such as the age of the person, parameters describing the makeup, etc. The output is an image of a human face.
Introduction
Face Sample Synthesis denotes the process of generating the image of a human face by a computer program. Optimally, this image should be realistic and virtually indistinguishable from a photography of a live scene. Additionally, the computer program should be generic: able to synthesize the face of any individual, viewed from any pose and illuminated by any arbitrarily complex environment. The objective of this article is to...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kanade, T.: Computer Recognition of Human Faces. Birkhäuser Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany (1973)
Cootes, T., Edwards, G., Taylor, C.: Active appearance model. Fifth European Conference on Computer Vision. Freiburg, Germany (1998)
Blanz, V., Vetter, T.: A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D-faces. SIGGRAPH 99. Los Angeles, California, USA (1999)
Romdhani, S., Vetter, T.: Estimating 3D shape and texture using pixel intensity, edges, specular highlights, texture constraints and a prior. CVPR. San Diego, CA, USA (2005)
Parke, F.I., Waters, K.: Computer Facial Animation. AKPeters Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA (1996)
Hartley, R., Zisserman, A.: Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision. Cambridge University Press (2000)
Woo, A., Poulin, P., Fournier, A.: A survey of shadow algorithms. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 10(6), 13–32 (1990)
Greene, N.: Environment mapping and other applications of world projections. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 6(11) (1986)
Debevec, P., Malik, J.: Recovering high dynamic range radiance maps from photographs. Siggraph. Los Angeles, California, USA (1997)
Blinn, J.F.: Models of light reflection for computer synthesized pictures. SIGGRAPH ’77: Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 192–198. New York, NY, USA, ACM (1977)
Cook, R.L., Torrance, K.E.: A reflectance model for computer graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 1(1), 7–24 (1982)
Torrance, K.E., Sparrow, E.M.: Theory for off-specular reflection from roughened surfaces, pp. 32–41. Radiometry (1992)
Lafortune, E.P.F., Foo, S.C., Torrance, K.E., Greenberg, D.P.: Non-linear approximation of reflectance functions. SIGGRAPH ’97: Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 117–126. New York, NY, USA, ACM /Addison-Wesley (1997)
Jensen, H.W., Marschner, S.R., Levoy, M., Hanrahan, P.: A practical model for subsurface light transport. SIGGRAPH, ACM/Addison-Wesley (2001)
Barsky, S., Petrou, M.: Colour photometric stereo: simultaneous reconstruction of local gradient and colour of rough textured surfaces. ICCV p. 600 (2001)
Jolliffe, I.T.: Principal Component Analysis. Springer, Berlin (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this entry
Cite this entry
Zivanov, S.R.J. (2009). Face Sample Synthesis. In: Li, S.Z., Jain, A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Biometrics. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73003-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-73002-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-73003-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceReference Module Computer Science and Engineering