Synonyms
Spatial autoregressive models; Dependence, spatial; Simultaneous autoregressive model (SAR); Moving average (MA) process model; Spatial lag model; Spatial error model; Geographic weighted regression (GWR)
Definition
Spatial dependence is measured by spatial autocorrelation, which is a property of data that arises whenever there is a spatial pattern in the values located on a map, as opposed to a random pattern that indicates no spatial autocorrelation. To measure the spatial pattern (spatial association and spatial autocorrelation), some standard global and local spatial statistics have been developed. These include Moran's I, Geary's C, Getis, LISA and GLISA statistics. Besides spatial dependence in the data, there can be spatial heterogeneity. This means that the underlying process being studied may vary systematically over space. This creates problems for regression and other econometric methods that do not accommodate spatial variation in the relationships being modeled....
Recommended Reading
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Fotheringham, A.S., Brunsdon, C., Charlton, M.: Geographically Weighted Regression: The Analysis of Spatially Varying Relationships. Wiley, Chichester, UK (2002)
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Srinivasan, S. (2008). Spatial Regression Models. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1294
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1294
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