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Experimental Methods in Biological Tissue Testing

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Springer Handbook of Experimental Solid Mechanics

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

The current chapter on testing biological tissue is intended to serve as an introduction to the field of experimental biomechanics. The field is broad, encompassing the investigation of the material behavior of plant and animal tissue. We have chosen to focus on experimental methods used to test human tissue, primarily the connective tissues ligament, tendon, articular cartilage, bone, and skin. For each of these tissues, the chapter presents a brief overview of the structure–function relationship of the tissue and then discusses some of the common tests conducted on the tissue to obtain various material and mechanical properties of interest. The chapter also highlights some of the stark differences in testing biological tissues compared with engineering materials with which the reader may be more familiar.

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Abbreviations

ASTM:

American Society for Testing and Materials

CCD:

charge-coupled device

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

LED:

light-emitting diode

LVDT:

linear variable differential transformer

LVDT:

linear variable displacement transducer

PBS:

phosphate-buffered saline

PMMA:

polymethyl methacrylate

QLV:

quasilinear viscoelastic theory

VDA:

video dimension analysis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Center for Orthopaedic Advancement, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, 5210 Eastern Avenue, 21224, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Stephen M. Belkoff Prof.

  2. College of Osteopathic Medicine, Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, Michigan State University, A407 East Fee Hall, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Roger C. Haut Prof.

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  1. Stephen M. Belkoff Prof.
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  2. Roger C. Haut Prof.
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Correspondence to Stephen M. Belkoff Prof. or Roger C. Haut Prof. .

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Room 126, Latrobe Hall, The Johns Hopkins University, 21218-2681, Baltimore, MD, USA, 3400 North Charles Street

    William N. Sharpe Jr. Prof.

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Belkoff, S.M., Haut, R.C. (2008). Experimental Methods in Biological Tissue Testing. In: Sharpe, W. (eds) Springer Handbook of Experimental Solid Mechanics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30877-7_31

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