Skip to main content

Language Socialization in Japanese

  • Reference work entry
  • 505 Accesses

Introduction

This chapter discusses research on language socialization in Japanese, both socialization of native Japanese speakers as well as that of learners of Japanese as a foreign language.

The theoretical perspective of language socialization is couched in the phenomenological tradition (Husserl, 1970 [ 1910]) and grew out of linguistic anthropology, in particular, the ethnography of communication (Hymes, 1964). From these academic perspectives, language socialization research considers language acquisition to be embedded in cultural practice and investigates how novices learn to become competent members in a social group by participating in the daily routines of culturally organized activities. However, due to the fact that there has been no tradition of ethnography in Japan, language socialization research has not developed there (cf. Shibamoto, 1987). To date, most research on language socialization in Japanese has been conducted by scholars who were trained in the United...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Anderson, F.: 1995, Classroom Discourse and Language Socialization in a Japanese Elementary‐school Setting: An Ethnographic‐linguistic Study, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Hawaii, Honolulu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein, B.: 1971, Class, Codes and Control: Theoretical Studies Towards a Sociology of Language, Volume 1, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Besnier, N.: 1990, ‘Language and affect’, Annual Review of Anthropology 19, 419–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caudill, W. and Weinstein, H.: 1974, ‘Maternal care and infant behavior in Japan and America’, in T.S. Lebra and W.P. Lebra (eds.), Japanese Culture and Behavior: Selected Readings, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 225–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancy, P.: 1985, ‘The acquisition of Japanese’ in D. Slobin (ed.), The Cross‐linguistic Study of Language Acquisition, Volume 1, The Data, Lawrence Erlbaum Associate, Hillsdale, NJ, 373–524.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancy, P.: 1986, ‘The acquisition of communicative style in Japanese’, in B. Schieffelin and E. Ochs, (eds.), Language Socialization across Cultures, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 213–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancy, P.: 1999, ‘The socialization of affect in Japanese mother‐child conversation’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1397–1421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, H.M.: 1990, ‘The role of the Japanese sentence‐final particle no in the socialization of children’, Multilingua 9, 377–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, H.M.: 1996, ‘Japanese language socialization: Indexing the modes of self’, Discourse Processes 22, 171–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, H.M.: 1997, ‘The role of the Japanese masu form in caregiver‐child conversation’, Journal of Pragmatics 28, 695–718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, H.M.: 1999, ‘Language socialization in Japanese elementary schools: Attentive listening and reaction turns’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1443–1465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, H.M.: 2006, ‘Joint construction of folk belief by JFL learners and Japanese host families’, in M. Dufon and E. Churchill (eds.), Language Learners in Study Abroad Contexts, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, 120–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doi, T.: 1973, The Anatomy of Dependence, Kodansha International, Tokyo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falsgraf, C. and Majors, D.: 1995, ‘Implicit culture in Japanese immersion classroom discourse’, Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 29, 1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fukuda, C.: 2005, ‘Children's use of the masu form in place scenes’, Journal of Pragmatics 37, 1037–1058.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gumperz, J.J.: 1996, ‘The linguistic and cultural relativity of inference’ in J. Gumperz and S. Levinson (eds.), Rethinking Linguistic Relativity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 374–406.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, B., Ide, S., Ikuta, S., Kawasaki, A., and Ogino, T.: 1986, ‘Universals of linguistic politeness: Quantitative evidence from Japanese and American English’, Journal of Pragmatics 10, 347–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Husserl, E.: 1970 [1910], Logical Investigations, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hymes, D.: 1964, Language in Culture and Society, Harper and Row, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Imamura, A.: 1987, Urban Japanese Housewife, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iino, M.: 1996, “Excellent Foreigner!”: Gaijinization of Japanese Language and Culture in Contact Situations, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iino, M.: 2006, ‘Norms of interaction in a Japanese homestay setting: Toward two‐way flow of linguistic and cultural resources’, in M. Dufon and E. Churchill (eds.), Language Learners in Study Abroad Contexts, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon, 121–151.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishida, K.: 2001, ‘Learning the pragmatic functions of the Japanese “masu” and plain forms’, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Pacific Second Language Research Forum, Honolulu, HI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishida, M.: 2002, ‘Socialization of social roles through the use of directives in Japanese’, Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Association for Applied Linguistics, Salt Lake City, Utah.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanagy, R.: 1999, ‘The socialization of Japanese immersion kindergartners through interactional routines’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1467–1492.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kawakami, I.: 1997, ‘Linguistic socialization: The development of gender differences in Japanese’, Paper presented at the American Association for Applied Linguistics, Orlando, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lebra, T.S.: 1976, Japanese Patterns of Behavior, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, D.S.J.: 1996, Cross‐cultural Instruction and Classroom Discourse: A Study of the Foreign Language Classroom Culture, Unpublished MA thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marriott, H.: 1993, ‘Acquiring sociolinguistic competence: Australian secondary students in Japan’, Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 4, 167–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H.R. and Kitayama, S.: 1991, ‘Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation’, Psychological Review 98, 224–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto, Y.: 1988, ‘Reexamination of the universality of face: Politeness phenomena in Japanese’, Journal of Pragmatics 12, 403–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehan, H.: 1979, Learning Lessons: Social Organization in the Classroom, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minami, M.: 2002, Culture Specific‐Language Styles: The Development of Oral Narrative and Literacy, Multilingual Matters, Clevedon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, K.: 1996, ‘The use of polite language by Japanese presechool children’, in D. Slobin, J. Gerhardt, A. Kyratsis, and J. Guo (eds.), Social Context and Language: Essays in Honor of Susan Ervin‐Tripp, Lawrence Erlbaum, NJ, 235–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, K.: 1997, ‘Gender‐based differences in the language of Japanese preschool children: A look at metalinguistic awareness’, in E. Clark (ed.), The Proceedings of the 28th Annual Child Language Research Forum, Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, K.: 2001, ‘Gender and language in Japanese preschool children’, Research on Language and Social Interaction 34, 15–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, K.: 2002, ‘Pragmatic development in Japanese monolingual children’, in Y. Shirai, H. Kobayashi, S. Miyata, K. Nakamura, T. Ogura, and H. Sirai (eds.), Studies in Language Sciences, Volume 2, Kuroshio Publishers, Tokyo, 23–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochs, E. and Schieffelin, B.: 1989, ‘Language has a heart’, Text 9, 7–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochs, E. and Schieffelin, B.: 1995, ‘The impact of language socialization on grammatical development’, in P. Fletcher and B. MacWhinney (eds.), Handbook of Child Language, Blackwell, Malden, MA, 73–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohta, A.S.: 1994, ‘Socializing the expression of affect: An overview of affective particle use in the Japanese as a foreign language classroom’, Issues in Applied Linguistics 5, 303–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohta, A.S.: 1999, ‘Interactional routines and the socialization of interactional style in adult learners of Japanese’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1493–1512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohta, A.S.: 2001a, ‘A longitudinal study of the development of expression of alignment in Japanese as a foreign language’, in K.R. Rose and G. Kasper (eds.), Pragmatics in Language Teaching, Cambridge University Press, New York, 103–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohta, A.S.: 2001b, Second Language Acquisition Processes in the Classroom: Learning Japanese, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poole, D.: 1992, ‘Language socialization in the second language classroom’, Language Learning 42, 593–615.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rounds, P., Falsgraf, C., and Seya, R.: 1997, ‘Acquisition of sociolinguistic competence in a Japanese immersion school’. Journal of the Association of Teachers of Japanese 31, 25–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sawyer, M.: 1992, ‘The development of pragmatics in Japanese as a second language: The sentence‐final particle ne’, in G. Kasper (ed.), Pragmatics of Japanese as a Native and Foreign Language (Technical Report No.3 ), Second Language Teaching & Curriculum Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, 83–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shibamoto, J.S.: 1987, ‘Japanese Sociolinguistics’, Annual Review of Anthropology 16, 261–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shibatani, M.: 1990, The Languages of Japan, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegal, M.: 1995, ‘Individual differences and study abroad: Women learning Japanese in Japan’, in B.F. Freed (ed.), Second Language Acquisition in a Study Abroad Context, Benjamins, Amsterdam, 225–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegal, M.: 1996, ‘The role of learner subjectivity in second language sociolinguistic competency: Western women learning Japanese’, Applied Linguistics 17, 356–382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein, M.: 1976, ‘Shifters, linguistic categories and culltural description’ in K. Basso and H. Selby (eds.), Meaning in Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 11–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snow, C.: 1983, ‘Literacy and language: Relationships during the preschool years’, Harvard Educational Review 53(2), 165–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steverson, M.: 2004, ‘Japanese mothers’ role in dinnertime narratives, paper presented at the Third International Gender and Language Association Conference, Ithaca, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, R.: 1999, ‘Language socialization through morphology: The affective suffix –CHAU in Japanese’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1423–1441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobin, J., Wu, D., and Davidson, D.: 1989, Preschool in Three Cultures, Yale University Press, New Haven and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wade, J.: 2003, Searching for “Place” in the Japanese Language Classroom: Linguistic Realizations of Social Identity in Discourse and the Acquisition of Sociopragmatics, PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimi, D.: 1999, ‘L1 language socialization as a variable in the use of ne by L2 learners of Japanese’, Journal of Pragmatics 31, 1513–1525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this entry

Cite this entry

Cook, H.M. (2008). Language Socialization in Japanese. In: Hornberger, N.H. (eds) Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30424-3_215

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30424-3_215

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-32875-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-30424-3

  • eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law

Publish with us

Policies and ethics