We saw a vision
In the darkness of despair we saw a vision. We lit the light of hope. And it was not extinguished. In the desert of discouragement we saw a vision. We planted the tree of valor. And it blossomed.
In the winter of bondage we saw a vision. We melted the snow of lethargy. And the river of resurrection flowed from it.
We sent our vision aswim like a swan on the river. The vision became a reality. Winter became summer. Bondage became freedom. And this we left to you as your inheritance.
Ogenerations of freedom remember us. The generations of the vision.
Introduction
The commemoration just cited is engraved in the Garden of Remembrance at Parnell Square, Dublin, Ireland. Indeed, this tender testimony to Irish emigrés and their descendants in the diaspora symbolizes Ireland’s position, as a nation, particularly since the Great Famine of 1845 to 1851; indeed, emigration is the great fact of Irish social history (Foster, 1988). For example, during the Great Famine, about 1.5...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anon. (2001). St. Patrick’s Day 2001: Its that time of year again, so revel in your Irishness and make this St. Patrick’s Day one to remember. World of Hibernia, 6(4), 28.
Arensberg, C. (1937). The Irish countryman: An anthropological study. London: Macmillan.
Akenson, D. (1966). The Irish diaspora. Toronto: P. D. Meany.
Akenson, D. (1997). If the Irish ran the world. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Baines, D. (1994). European emigration, 1850–1930: Looking at the emigration decision again. Economic History Review, XLVII.
Bayor, R., & Meagher, T. (Eds). (1996a). The New York Irish. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Bayor, R., & Meagher, T. (1996b). Introduction. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 1–11). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Bayor, R., & Meagher, T. (1996c). Conclusion. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 533–551). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Beckles, H. (1989). White servitude and Black slavery in Barbados, 1627–1715. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.
Berry, J. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 5–68.
Best, N. (1979). Happy valley: The story of the English in Kenya. London: Nicholas Best.
Bielenberg, A. (2000). The Irish diaspora. New York: Longman.
Brundage, D. (1996). In Time of peace, prepare for war: Key themes in the social thought of New York’s Irish nationalists, 1890–1916. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 321–337). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Byron, R. (1999). Irish America. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Commission on Emigration and Other Population Problems. (1955). Dublin: Irish Stationery Office.
Coogan, T. (2000). Wherever green is worn: The story of the Irish diaspora. New York: Palgrave.
Corcoran, M. (1994). Irish illegals: Transients between two societies. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Cottrell, M. (1992). St. Patrick’s Day parades in nineteenth-century Toronto: A study of immigrant adjustment and elite control. Social History, 25(49), 56–73.
Curtis, L. (1997). Apes and angels: The Irishman in Victorian caricature. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Danaher, N. (1992). Irish studies: A historical survey across the Irish diaspora. In P. C. O’sullivan (Ed.), The Irish world wide. Vol. 2: The Irish in the new communities (pp. 226–256). Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press.
Diner, H. (1983). Erin’s daughters in America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Diner, H. (1996). The most Irish city in the Union: The era of the Great Migration, 1844–1877. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 87–107). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Fanning, C. (1996). The heart’s speech no longer stifled: New York Irish writing since the 1960s. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 508–533). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Farley, N. (2002). What is happening to Ireland’s brain drain?: An analysis of demographic data 1966–1996. Unpublished manuscript.
Farrant, L. (1981). The legendary Grogan. London: Hamish Hamilton.
Fitzpatrick, D. (1984). Irish emigration 1801–1921. Dundalk, Ireland: Dundalgan Press.
Foster, R. (1988). Modem Ireland, 1600–1972. London: Allen Lane.
Garavan, H., Doherty, M., & Moran, A. (1994). The Irish mind abroad: The attitudes and experiences of the Irish diaspora. Irish Journal of Psychology, 15, 303–304.
Gilje, P. (1996). The development of an Irish American community in New York City before the Great Migration. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 70–87). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Goode, J. (2001). Teaching against culturalist essentialism. In I. Susser & T. C. Patterson (Eds.), Cultural diversity in the United States (pp. 434–457). Oxford: Blackwell.
Grant, N. (1980). Nellie’s story. New York: William Morrow.
Greeley, A. (1972a). Why can’t they be like us? New York: Dutton.
Greeley, A. (1972b). That most distressful nation: The taming of the American Irish. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.
Greeley, A. (1979). Creativity in the Irish family: The cost of immigration. International Journal of Family Therapy, 1(4).
Greeley, A. (1980). The Irish-Americans: The rise to money and power. New York: Harper & Row.
Greeley, A. (1999). Furthermore! Memories of a parish priest. New York: Tom Doherty Associates.
Greenslade, L. (1992). White skin, white masks: Psychological distress among the Irish in Britain. In P. O’sullivan (Ed.), The Irish world wide. Vol. 2: The Irish in the New Communities (pp. 201–225). Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press.
Gribben, A. (1999). The Great Famine and the Irish diaspora in America. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press.
Guinnane, T., & Miller, R. (1997). The vanishing Irish. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Hayden, T. (1998). Irish hunger: Personal reflections on the legacy of the famine. Boulder, CO: Roberts Rinehart.
Hebard, E. (1990). Irish-Americans and Irish dance. In. P. Kilbride, J. Goodale, & E. Ameisen. (Eds.), Encounters with American ethnic cultures (pp. 116–133). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
Hodges, G. (1996). Desirable companions and lovers: Irish and African Americans in the Sixth Ward, 1830–1870. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish. (pp. 107–125). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hogan, R. (n.d.). Kenya Irish Society Newsletter. Nairobi, Kenya.
Hout, M., & Goldstein, J. (1994). How 4.5 million Irish immigrants became 40 million Irish Americans: Demographic and subjective aspects of the ethnic composition of White Americans. American Sociological Review, 59, 64–82.
Ignatiev, N. (1995). How the Irish became White. New York: Routledge.
Irwin, L. (1992). Emigration: The Irish experience. The Irish Abroad, 41(4), 2–6.
Jensen, R. (2002). No Irish need apply: A myth of victimization. Journal of Social History, 36(2), 405.
Kilbride, P., Goodale, J., & Ameisen, E. (Eds.). (1990). Encounters with American ethnic cultures. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.
Marston, S. (1989). Public rituals and community power: St. Patrick’s Day parades in Lowell, Massachusetts, 1841–1874. Politica Geography Quarterly, 8(3), 255–269.
McCaffrey, L. (1976). The Irish diaspora in America. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press.
McCafferty, K. (2002). Testimony of an Irish slave girl. New York: Viking.
McCracken, D. (2000). Odd man out: The South African experience. In A. Bielenberg (Ed.), The Irish diaspora (pp. 251–272). New York: Longman.
McDannell, C. (1996). Going to the ladies’ fair: Irish Catholics in New York City, 1870–1900. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 234–252). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
McGoldrick, M. (1982). Irish families. In M. McGoldrick, J. Pearce, & J. Giordano (Eds.), Ethnicity and family therapy. New York: Guilford Press.
Messenger, J. (1967a). The “Black Irish” of Montserrat. Eire-Ireland, 2, 27–40.
Messenger, J. (1967b). The influence of the Irish in Montserrat. Caribbean Quarterly, 13, 3–26.
Messenger, J. (1969). Inis Beag: Isle of Ireland. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Messenger, J. (1975). Montserrat: The most distinctively Irish settlement in the New World. Ethnicity, 2, 281–303.
Messenger, J. (1994). St. Patrick’s Day in the other Emerald Isle. Eire-Ireland, 29, 12–23.
Miller, R. (1996). Irish traditional and popular music in New York City: Identity and social change. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 481–508). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Nilsen, K. (1996). The Irish language in New York, 1850–1900. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 252–275). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
O’Grada, C. (1993). Ireland: Before and after the famine: Explorations in economic history 1800–1925, 2nd ed. New York: Manchester University Press.
O’Grada, C. (1995). Ireland: A new economic history 1780–1939. Oxford: Clarendon.
O’Grada, C. (1999). Black’ 47 and beyond: The Great Irish Famine in history, economy, and memory. Princeton, N J: Princeton University Press.
O’Grada, C. (2000). Famine trauma and memory. Paper presented to An Cumann Le Bealoideas Erieann, November 2000, Dublin.
O’Hanlon, R. (1998). The new Irish Americans. Boulder, CO: Robert Rinehart.
Ortner, S. (1973). On key symbols. American Anthropologist, 75, 1338–1346.
O’Sullivan, P. (Ed.). (1992). The Irish world wide. VoI. 2: The Irish in the new communities. Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press.
O’Sullivan, P. (Ed.). (1994). The Irish world wide. Vol. 3: The creative migrant. Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press.
O’Sullivan, P. (Ed.). (1997). The Irish world wide. Vol. 6: The meaning of the Famine. Leicester, UK: Leicester University Press.
O’Sullivan, P. (1998). Irish studies vs. Irish diaspora studies. Irish Studies Review, 6(1).
Phinney, J. (1996). When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean? American Psychologist, 5, 1(9): 918–927.
Reimers, D. (1996). An end and a beginning. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 419–439). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Roe, M. (2002). Contemporary Catholic and Protestant Irish America: Social identities, forgiveness, and attitudes toward the Troubles. Eire-Ireland, 2002, 153.
Roediger, D. (1991). The wages of Whiteness: Race and the making of the American working class. New York: Verso.
Savigliano, M. (1992). Tango in Japan and the world economy of passion. In J. Tobin (Ed.), Re-made in Japan (pp. 235–253). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Seyhan, A. (2001). Writing outside the nation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Skinner, J. (1998). The confession of Saint Patrick. New York: Doubleday Dell.
Smith, A. (1973). The Immigrant communities (I): The europeans. In D. A. Low & A. Smith (Eds.), History of EastAfrica (pp. 423–467). Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Takaki, R. (1993). Emigrants from Erin: Ethnicity and class within White America. In R. Takaki (Ed.), A different mirror: A history of multicuItural America (pp. 00–00). Boston: Little, Brown.
Taylor, L. (1995). Occasions of faith: An anthropology of Irish Catholics. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Thompson, T. (2000). Wearin’ of the green: The Irish and Saint Patrick’s Day in Omaha. Nebraska History, 81(4), 170–178.
Tobin, J. (Ed.). (1992). Re-made in Japan: Everyday life and consumer taste in a changing society. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Walsh, W. (1996). Religion, ethnicity, and history: Clues to the cultural construction of law. In R. Bayor & T. Meagher (Eds.), The New York Irish (pp. 48–70). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Williams, J. (1932). Whence the “Black Irish” of Jamaica? New York: Dial Press.
Winkelman, M. (2001). Ethnicity and psychocultural models. In I. Susser & T. C. Patterson (Eds.), Cultural diversity in the United States (pp. 280–301). Oxford: Blackwell.
Yinger, J. (1985). Ethnicity. Annual Reviews of Sociology, 11, 151–180.
Yinger, J. (1994). Ethnicity: Source of strength? Source of conflict? New York: State University of New York Press.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
About this entry
Cite this entry
Kilbride, P.L., Farley, N.J. (2005). Irish Diaspora. In: Ember, M., Ember, C.R., Skoggard, I. (eds) Encyclopedia of Diasporas. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-29904-4_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-29904-4_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-48321-9
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-29904-4
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and Law