Folding, thrust faulting, and metamorphism are intimately interrelated. Virtually all intense folding and much thrust faulting are accompanied by metamorphism, and with the exception of contact metamorphism, most metamorphism is accompanied by folding and thrust faulting. These relationships suggest that folding, faulting, and metamorphism all have the same cause. Researchers now agree that most folding, thrust faulting, and metamorphism are related to the movement of plates, but few have described the details of how plate movements cause deformation and metamorphism. This entry addresses this topic.
Deformation (folding and faulting) and metamorphism caused by plate interactions occur along or near convergent continent-ocean plate boundaries, convergent continent-continent plate boundaries, transform plate boundaries, and plate interiors (Table 1). No significant folding or thrust faulting occurs along spreading ridges at divergent plate boundaries, and little is known about...
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Cross-references
Cordilleran Metamorphic Core Complexes; Geosynclines and Geoclines; Plate Tectonics, Mantle Plumes, and the Generation of Magmas.
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Seyfert, C.K. (1987). Plate tectonics, and the causes of folding, thrust faulting, and metamorphism . In: Structural Geology and Tectonics. Encyclopedia of Earth Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31080-0_81
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