Wudalianchi (Five Connected Lakes) Volcanic Cluster Landscape

This is one of the most famous volcanic landscapes in China. It consists of a volcanic cluster located on the northeastern margin of the Songnen Plain in the southern foothills of the Xiaoxing’an Ridge. It includes 14 volcanoes that extend NE and NW over an area of approximately 800 km². This volcanic group is characterised by: (1) volcanic activity from the Pleistocene to the Holocene; the volcanic activities of Laohei Mountain and Huoshao Mountain can be found in historical records. These volcanoes erupted less than 300 years ago from 1719 to 1721 and are among China’s few volcanoes with actual historical records (1719 is the 58th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty). (2) The lava flow landscapes are diverse and magnificent. Rope-like lava, block lava, fragment-like lava and flat lava form numerous typical features, such as ‘Shilong (Stone Dragon)’, ‘Shihai (Stone Sea)’, ‘Rolling Flower Stone’, ‘Stone Pool’, driblet cones and lekoliths, which are rare. Lava tunnels in the cold...