Volcanic Mudflow Landscape

A volcanic mudflow is a volcanic debris landscape composed of a mixture of volcanic debris and a transporting medium (e.g., water). When water is the transporting medium, all of the clastic materials are close to each other and collide frequently, and they move due to gravity and fluid dynamics. When the flow velocity decreases, these materials settle to form a volcanic mudflow deposit. There are three types of volcanic mud flows: (1) hot volcanic debris that flow into rivers and lakes; (2) hot volcanic mudflows composed of a mixture of the volcanic debris in the crater and water during an eruption; and (3) volcanic mudflows that form when volcanic debris on the slopes of a volcano flows down the slope during torrential rainstorms.