Introduction
The broad application of ionic liquids (ILs) as process chemicals, solvents, heat transfer and storage fluids, electrolytes, and additives is encouraging significant progress in the design of novel chemical and biotechnological processes and products [1]. Both academia and industry have been using ILs to boost established processes including laborious routes, replace nefarious chemicals, or minimize waste generation, as well as create innovative technologies and products [1,2,3]. What made ILs appealing was, in the first place, their recognized unique physical and chemical properties (e.g., non-flammability, nonvolatility, high thermal stability, solvation ability, and structural versatility) [4]. Together with their “designer solvent” status, ILs started to be defined as “green” and, more recently, “high performance” chemicals [5, 6]. Often, however, such headlines represent nothing but overgeneralizations that lead to critical misconceptions within IL field. Likely, the...
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Acknowledgments
This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679 (FCT ref. UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and when appropriate co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. The authors also acknowledge the support by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the project PTDC/ATP-EAM/5331/2014. F. A. e Silva acknowledges the financial support given by FCT within the PhD scholarship SFRH/BD/94901/2013. S. P. M. Ventura acknowledges FCT/MEC for a contract under Investigador FCT 2015 contract number IF/00402/2015.
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e Silva, F.A., Coutinho, J.A.P., Ventura, S.P.M. (2019). Aquatic Toxicology of Ionic Liquids (ILs). In: Zhang, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ionic Liquids. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6739-6_52-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6739-6_52-1
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