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Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-1 in Cardiovascular Disease

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Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease

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Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor-1 (VEGF-1) is a heterodimer with a glycoprotein structure that belongs to the superfamily of vascular endothelial growth factors with pronounced angiopoetic capacity in vivo. VEGF-1 is expressed in tissue due to hypoxia and inflammation by wide spectrum of the cells and contributes angiogenesis and neovascularization by several mechanisms. A paracrine regulation of the VEGF-1 activity is mediated by a specific solubilized receptor that plays a key role in a reduction of ischemic tissue injury by inducing target organ protection, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis. The clinical correlations of circulating levels of VEGF-1 in subjects with cardiovascular diseases are largely unclear. It has been suggested that exaggerated VEGF-1 level would confer a better prognosis in CAD patients, while a negative effect of neovascularization in plaque region supported by VEGF-1 is defined. Therefore, the negative effect of VEGF-1 on progression in age-related diseases, such as early diabetic retinopathy, has been reported. This chapter is dedicated to the discussion of the controversial role of the VEGF-1 among patients with cardiovascular disease and an assay to predictive value of VEGF-1 as biomarker at risk stratification.

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Abbreviations

ACS:

Acute coronary syndrome

CABG:

Coronary artery bypass grafting

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α

MACE:

Major adverse cardiac events

MI:

Myocardial infarction

PCI:

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PHD:

Prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein

ROCK:

Rho kinase

RVR:

Renal vascular resistance

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR:

Receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, State Medical University of Zaporozhye, 26, Mayakovsky av., UA 69035, Zaporozhye, Ukraine

    Alexander E. Berezin

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  1. Alexander E. Berezin
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Correspondence to Alexander E. Berezin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science & Technology , University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Berezin, A.E. (2016). Circulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-1 in Cardiovascular Disease. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7678-4_2

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