Synonyms
Introduction
In general, food laws relate to a wide and multidisciplinary range of issues including health and safety, composition, science, labeling, and advertisement, but also abstract concepts such as culture and tradition come into play. In addition, food laws are no longer the exclusive domain of the government and public authorities, but also involve the influence of private actors that increasingly contribute and shape the development of food laws.
The purpose of this entry is to provide an overview regarding the different layers of food legislation in the EU. In order to provide a full picture of the legislative background, the development and evolution of food laws have to be considered. Also, the international dimension of food laws will be presented which in particular comprises international fora like the UN and the WTO. In the following, focus will be laid on the food laws of the EU by taking into...
References
Literature
MacMaoláin, C. (2007). EU food law. Protecting consumers and health in a common market. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
van der Meulen, B. (2011). The anatomy of private food law. In B. van der Meulen (Ed.), Private food law. Governing food chains through contract law, self-regulation, private standards, audits and certification schemes. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.
van der Meulen, B., & van der Velde, M. (2008). European food law handbook. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.
Websites
Codex Alimentarius website: www.codexalimentarius.org
European Commission Directorate for Health and Consumers website: http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/index_en.htm
World Trade Organization website: http://www.wto.org/
FAO/WHO Documents
World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization. (2006). Understanding the Codex Alimentarius.
EU Documents
Commission Communication – EU best practice guidelines for voluntary certification schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs, OJ C 34, 16 Dec 2010, pp. 5–11.
European Parliament, Council of the European Union and European Commission interinstitutional agreement on better law-making, OJ C 321, 31 Dec 2003, pp. 1–5.
Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004 Text with EEA relevance, OJ L 304, 22 Nov 2011, pp. 18–63.
Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 establishing a common authorisation procedure for food additives, food enzymes and food flavourings, OJ L 354, 31 Dec 2008, pp. 1–6.
Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food enzymes and amending Council Directive 83/417/EEC, Council Regulation (EC) No 1493/1999, Directive 2000/13/EC, Council Directive 2001/112/EC and Regulation (EC) No 258/97, OJ L 354, 31 Dec 2008, pp. 7–15.
Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives, OJ L 354, 31 Dec 2008, pp. 16–33.
Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC, OJ L 354, 31 Dec 2008, pp. 34–50.
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on genetically modified food and feed, OJ L 268, 18 Oct 2003, pp. 1–23.
Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods, OJ L 404, 30 Dec 2006, pp. 9–25.
Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 October 2004 on materials and articles intended to come into contact with food and repealing Directives 80/590/EEC and 89/109/EEC, OJ L 338, 13 Nov 2004, pp. 4–17.
Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety, OJ L 31, 1 Feb 2002, pp. 1–24.
Regulation (EC) No 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 1997 concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients, OJ L 43, 14 Feb 1997, pp. 1–6.
Regulation (EC) No 852/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs, OJ L 139, 30 Apr 2004, pp. 1–54.
Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on official controls performed to ensure the verification of compliance with feed and food law, animal health and animal welfare rules, OJ L 165, 30 Apr 2004, pp. 1–141.
UN Documents
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. (1999). Substantive issues arising in the implementation of the international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights: General comment 12.
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Adopted 16 December 1966 by General Assembly resolution 2200A (XXI).
United Nations. (2003). United Nations Guidelines for Consumer Protection (as expanded in 1999).
Cases of the European Court of Justice
Branntwein (1979) ECR 649.
Case 120/78 Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für.
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Hartmann, O. (2013). Food Legislation and Regulation: EU, UN, WTO and Private Regulation. In: Thompson, P., Kaplan, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_178-1
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