References
Ascher, M., & Ascher, R. (1981). Code of the Quipu: A study of media, mathematics and culture. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Barriero, J. (1992). The search for lessons. Akwe:kon, IX(2), 18–39.
Basso, Keith H. (1974) The ethnography of writing. In Bauman, R. & Sherzer, J. (eds) Explorations in the ethnography of speaking. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 425–432.
Battiste, M. (1998). Enabling the autumn seed: Toward a decolonized approach to aboriginal knowledge, language and education. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 22(1), 16–27.
Battiste, M., & Henderson, (Sa’ke’j) Y. (2000). Protecting indigenous knowledge and heritage. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan: Purich Publication.
Boone, E. H. (1994). Writing and recording knowledge. In E. H. Boone & W. D. Mignolo (Eds.), Writing without words (pp. 3–26). Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
Boone, E. H., & Mignolo, W. D. (Eds.). (1994). Writing without words: Alternative literacies in Mesoamerica and the Andes. Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
Boone, E. H., & Urton, G. (Eds.). (2011). Their way of writing: scripts, signs, and pictographies in pre-Columbian America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Calancha, Antonio de la (1638). Crónica moralizada del orden de San AugustÚn en el Perú. Lima
Cajete, G. (2000). Native science. Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Publishers.
Castellano, M. B. (2000). Updating aboriginal traditions of knowledge. In G. J. S. Dei, B. L. Hall, & D. G. Rosenberg (Eds.), Indigenous knowledges in global contexts (pp. 21–36). Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Chambers, D. W. (1965). Did the Maya know the metonic cycle? Isis, 56(3), 348–351.
Chambers, D. W., & Gillespie, R. (2000). Locality in the history of science: Colonial science, technoscience and indigenous knowledge. Osiris, 15, 221–240.
Chambers, D. W., & Watson, H. (with the Yolngu Community at Yirrkala). (1989). Singing the land, signing the land. Geelong, Australia: Deakin University Press.
Coe, M. D. (1992). Breaking the Maya code. New York: Thames and Hudson.
Coffey, W., & Tsosie, R. (2001). Rethinking the tribal sovereignty doctrine: Cultural sovereignty and the collective future of Indian nations. Stanford Law & Policy Review, 12, 191–210.
Conklin, W. (2002). A Khipu information string theory. In J. Quilter & G. Urton (Eds.), Narrative threads (pp. 53–86). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Cruikshank, J. (2005). Do glaciers listen: Local knowledge, colonial encounters, and social imagination. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press.
Cummins, Tom. (1994). Representation in the Sixteenth Century and the Colonial Image of the Inca. In E. H. Boone & W. D. Mignolo (Eds.), Writing without words (pp. 3–26). Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
DeFrancis, J. (1989). Visible speech: The diverse oneness of writing systems. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
Deloria, V. (1992). Relativity, relatedness and reality. Winds of Change, 7(4), 34–40.
Deloria, V. (1999). Spirit and reason. Golden, CO: Fulcrum Publishing.
Derrida, J. (1988). Limited, Inc. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1988, p.136.
Ermine, W. (1995). Aboriginal epistemology. In M. Battiste & J. Barman (Eds.), First nations education in Canada (pp. 101–112). Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press.
Gelb, I. J. (1963). A study of writing. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Grinde, D. (1992). Iroquois political theory and the roots of American democracy. In O. Lyons & J. Mohawk (Eds.), Exiled in the land of the free (pp. 227–280). Santa Fe, NM: Clear Light Publishers.
Hall, M. (2011). Plants as persons: A philosophical botany. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
Harry, D. (1995). The human genome diversity project and its implications for indigenous peoples. Indigenous Woman, II, 30–31.
Holmes, L. (2000). Heart knowledge, blood memory, and the voice of the land: Implications of research among Hawaiian elders. In B. L. Hall, D. G. Rosenberg, & G. J. S. Dei (Eds.), Indigenous knowledges in global contexts (pp. 37–53). Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Howard, R. (2002). Spinning a yarn: Landscape, memory, and discourse structure in Quechua narratives. In J. Quilter & G. Urton (Eds.), Narrative threads: Accounting and recounting in Andean Khipu (pp. 46–47). Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism. http://www.ipcb.org
James, K. (Ed.). (2001). Science and Native American communities. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Kohn, E. (2013). How forests think: Toward an anthropology beyond the human. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Kovach, M. (2009). Indigenous methodologies: Characteristics, conversations and contexts. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
La Duke, W. (1994). Traditional ecological knowledge and environmental futures. Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, 5, 127–148.
La Duke, W. (1997). Voices from White Earth: Gaa-waabaabiganikaag. In H. Hannum (Ed.), People, land and community (pp. 22–37). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
La Duke, W. (1999). All our relations: Native struggles for land and life. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.
McGregor, D. (2004). Coming full circle: Indigenous knowledge, environment, and our future. American Indian Quarterly, 28(3 and 4), 385–410.
Mignolo, W. (1989). Literacy and colonization: The new world experience in 1492–1992. In R. Jara & N. Spadaccini (Eds.) Rediscovering colonial writing (pp. 51–96). Minneapolis, MN: Prisma Institute.
Mignolo, W. Signs and their transmission. In E. H. Boone & W. D. Mignolo (Eds.), Writing without words (pp. 3–26). Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
Mignolo, W. (1995). The darker side of the renaissance: Literacy, territoriality and colonization. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
Momaday, N. S. (1976). Native American attitudes to the environment. In W. Copps (Ed.), Seeing with a native eye (pp. 79–85). New York: Harper & Row.
Penner, K. (1983). Indian self-government in Canada: Report of the special committee. Ottawa, Canada: Government of Canada.
Proskouriakoff, T. (1960). Historical Implications of a Pattern of Dates at Piedras Negras, Guatemala. American Antiquity, XXV.
Quilter, J., & Urton, G. (Eds.). (2002). Narrative threads: Accounting and recounting in Andean Khipu. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Rivera, J. V. (1995). Andean peasant agriculture: Nurturing a diversity of life in the Chacra. In F. Apffel-Marglin & J. V. Rivera (Eds.), Regeneration in the Andes (Interculture 1st ed., Vol. XXVIII, pp. 18–53).
Salomon, F. (2004). The cord keepers: Khipus and cultural life in a Peruvian village. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Schele, L., & Friedel, D. (1990). A forest of kings: The untold story of the ancient Maya. New York: William Morrow.
Scott, C. (1996). Indigenous self-determination and decolonization of the international imagination: A plea. Human Rights Quarterly, 18, 814–820.
Shiva, V. (1993). Monocultures of the mind. New Jersey: Zed Books.
Silko, L. M. (1996). Yellow woman and a beauty of the spirit. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Simpson, L. R. (2004). Anticolonial strategies for the recovery and maintenance of indigenous knowledge. American Indian Quarterly, 28(3 and 4), 373–384.
Smith, L. T. (1999). Decolonizing methodologies: research and indigenous peoples. New York: Zed Books.
Standing Bear, L. (1978). Land of the spotted eagle. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
Taylor, I. (1899). The history of the alphabet (Vol. 2). New York: Scribners.
Taylor, E. (1992). Cited in towards rebirth of first nations languages. Assembly of first nations. Ottawa, ON: Assembly of First Nations Education Secretariat.
Tinker, G. (2004). The stones shall cry out: Consciousness, rocks, and indians. Wicazo Sa Review, 19(2), 105–125.
Turnbull, D., & Chambers, W. (2014). Assembling diverse knowledges: Trails and storied spaces in time. In J. Leach & L. Wilson (Eds.), Subversion, conversion, development: Cross cultural knowledge exchange and the politics of design. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Urton, G. (2003). Signs of the Inka Khipu: Binary coding in the Andean Knotted-String records. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Waters, A. (Ed.). (2004). American Indian thought. Boston, MA: Basil Blackwell.
Whitt, L. A. (1995). Indigenous peoples and the cultural politics of knowledge. In M. Green (Ed.), Issues in American Indian cultural identity (pp. 223–271). New York: Peter Lang.
Whitt, L. A., Roberts, M., Norman, W., & Grieves, V. (2001). Belonging to land: Indigenous knowledge systems and the natural world. Oklahoma City University Law Review, 26(2), 701–743.
Williams, R. (1997). Linking arms together: American indian treaty visions of law & peace 1600–1800. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wilson, W. A. (2004). Indigenous knowledge recovery is indigenous empowerment. American Indian Quarterly, 28(3 and 4), 359–372.
Wrolstad, M., & Fisher, D. F. (Eds.). (1986). Toward a new understanding of literacy. New York: Praeger.
Zárate, Agustín de. (1555). Historia de descubrimiento y conquista del Perú. Antwerp
Links to Relevant Websites
AAAS. Handbook on intellectual property and TEK: http://shr.aaas.org/tek/handbook/
Alaska Native Knowledge Network: http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/publications/handbook/integrating.html
American Indian IKS Internet Resource Index: http://www.hanksville.org/NAresources/indices/NAknowledge.html
Columbia University CIESIN Agriculture IKS: http://www.ciesin.org/TG/AG/iksys.html
Development Gateway: http://topics.developmentgateway.org/indigenous?goo=1744
Indigenous Environmental Network: http://www.ienearth.org/
Indigenous Knowledge Listserv: http://www.africa.upenn.edu/Listserv/Indigenous_Knowledge_13238.html
Indigenous Knowledge Management Software: http://www.archimuse.com/mw2003/papers/hunter/hunter.html
Indigenous Knowledge Resources: Americas: http://www.ik-pages.net/browsetree.asp?item_id=002.004.%26allarticles=true
Indigenous People’s Biodiversity Network: Declaration on Biodiversity: http://www.ecouncil.ac.cr/rio/focus/report/english/ipbn.htm
Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism: http://www.ipcb.org/http://www.ipcb.org/publications/other_art/bsinabs.html
Indigenous Peoples’ Restoration Network: http://www.ser.org/iprn/default.asp
Infography: Indigenous Peoples’ Knowledge Systems: http://www.infography.com/content/620138698080.html
Joint ICSU & UNESCO version of Study Group Report: http://www.icsu.org/Gestion/img/ICSU_DOC_DOWNLOAD/65_DD_FILE_Vol4.pdf
Khipu Database Project: http://khipukamayuq.fas.harvard.edu/Researchers.html
Native Eyes Indigenous Studies: http://www.iaia.edu/nep2/index.php
Native Tech Internet Resource: http://www.nativetech.org/
Original ICSU Study Group Report: http://www.icsu.org/2_resourcecentre/RESOURCE_list_base.php4?rub=7
Science and Development Network – Indigenous Knowledge: http://www.scidev.net/dossiers/index.cfm?fuseaction=dossierfulltext%26Dossier=7
Science and Development Network – Intellectual Property: http://www.scidev.net/dossiers/index.cfm?fuseaction=dossierItem%26Dossier=8
Seventh Generation Fund: http://www.7genfund.org/index.html
UNESCO: 1999 Budapest Declaration: http://www.unesco.org/science/wcs/eng/declaration_e.htm
UNESCO: Indigenous Knowledge: Best Practice: http://www.unesco.org/most/bpikpub.htm#ik
UNESCO: Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems: http://portal.unesco.org/sc_nat/ev.php?URL_ID=1945%26URL_DO=DO_TOPIC%26URL_SECTION=201
UNESCO: Science-Agenda Framework for Action: http://www.unesco.org/science/wcs/eng/framework.htm
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this entry
Cite this entry
Whitt, L., Chambers, D.W. (2014). Knowledge Systems of Indigenous America. In: Selin, H. (eds) Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_9418-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3934-5_9418-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-3934-5
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Religion and PhilosophyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities