Zusammenfassung
Wahrheitskommissionen haben in den vergangenen rund dreißig Jahren eine bemerkenswerte internationale Karriere aufzuweisen gehabt. Sie haben sich dabei von einer der wichtigsten Innovationen im gesellschaftlichen Umgang mit historischem Unrecht zu einem globalen Aufarbeitungsstandard entwickelt. Bis in die Gegenwart sind Dutzende Wahrheitskommissionen auf fünf Kontinenten eingesetzt worden. Diese Entwicklung ist eng mit derjenigen des Feldes der Transitional Justice verbunden gewesen. Der Beitrag betrachtet die Genese, die Entwicklung und die Verbreitung der Wahrheitskommissionen als zentrales Instrument von Transitional Justice.
Literatur
Agreement on the Establishment of the Commission to Clarify Past Human Rights Violations and Acts of Violence That Have Caused the Guatemalan Population to Suffer, Oslo, 23. Juni 1994. http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/services/cds/agreements/pdf/guat9.pdf. Zugegriffen am 10.01.2013.
Amnesty International. 2007. Truth, justice and reparation. Establishing an effective truth commission, 11. Juni, AI Index: POL 30/009/2007. London: Amnesty International.
Arquidiocese de São Paulo. 1985. Brasil: Nunca mais. Petrópolis: Editora Vozes.
Arthur, Paige. 2009. How „Transitions“ reshaped human rights: A conceptual history of human rights. Human Rights Quarterly 31(2): 321–367.
Benedetti, Fanny. 1996. Haiti’s truth and justice commission. Human Rights Brief 3(3): 4–5.
Bickford, Louis. 2007. Unofficial truth projects. Human Rights Quarterly 29(4): 994–1035.
Boraine, Alex. 2000. A country unmasked: Inside South Africa’s truth and reconciliation commission. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Boraine, Alex, und Janet Levy, Hrsg. 1995. The healing of a nation? Cape Town: Justice in Transition.
Boraine, Alex, Janet Levy, und Ronel Scheffer, Hrsg. 1997. Dealing with the past. Truth and reconciliation in South Africa. Cape Town: IDASA (Erstausgabe 1994).
Boudet, Catherine. 2010. Alex Boraine: „For many, Mauritius is still undemocratic and racist“. http://catherineboudet.wordpress.com/2010/07/02/alex-boraine-for-many-mauritius-is-still-undemocratic-and-racist-2/. Zugegriffen am 23.12.2013.
Bronkhorst, Daan. 2006. Truth Commissions; Truth and justice. http://www.amnesty.nl/part-i-truth-commissions-truth-and-justice-june-2006-daan-bronkhorst. Zugegriffen am 11.12.2013.
Buergenthal, Thomas. 1995. The United Nations truth commission for El Salvador. Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 27(3): 497–544.
Comisión de la Verdad para El Salvador. 1993. De la locura a la esperanza. La guerra de 12 años en El Salvador. Informe de la Comisión de la Verdad para El Salvador, Bd. 3. San Salvador: Naciones Unidas.
Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación. 1996. Informe, Bd. 3. Santiago de Chile: Corporación de Reparación y Reconciliación (Erstveröffentlichung 1991).
Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas. 1984. Nunca Más. Informe de la Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas. Buenos Aires: Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires.
Correa Sutil, Jorge. 1992. Dealing with past human rights violations: The Chilean case after dictatorship. Notre Dame Law Review 67:1455–1485.
Dancy, Geoff, Hunjoon Kim, und Eric Wiebelhaus-Brahm. 2010. The turn to truth: Trends in truth commission experimentation. Journal of Human Rights 9(1): 45–64.
El Salvador: Mexico Peace Agreements – Provisions Creating the Commission on Truth, Mexico City, 27. April 1991. 1995. In Transitional justice, Bd. III: Laws, Rulings, and Reports, Hrsg. Neil J. Kritz, 174–176. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace.
Freeman, Mark. 2006. Truth commissions and procedural fairness. New York: Cambridge University Press.
French, Howard W. 1993a. Offer of amnesty removes obstacle to accord in Haiti. The New York Times, 14. April. http://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/14/world/offer-of-amnesty-removes-obstacle-to-accord-in-haiti.html. Zugegriffen am 10.01.2013.
French, Howard W. 1993b. Haiti’s military leaders reported unyielding at talks. The New York Times, 29. Juni. http://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/29/world/haiti-s-military-leaders-reported-unyielding-at-talks.html. Zugegriffen am 10.01.2013.
Garton Ash, Timothy. 1998. The truth about dictatorship. The New York Review of Books 45(3): 35–40.
Haas, Peter M. 1992. Introduction: Epistemic communities and international policy coordination. International Organization 46(1): 1–35.
Hayner, Priscilla B. 1994. Fifteen truth commissions – 1974 to 1994: A comparative study. Human Rights Quarterly 16(4): 597–655.
Hayner, Priscilla B. 2011. Unspeakable truths: Facing the challenge of truth commissions. London: Routledge.
Henkin, Alice H. 1989. Conference report. In State Crimes: Punishment or pardon: Papers and Report of the Conference, November 4–6, 1988, Wye Center, Maryland, 1–9. Queenstown: Aspen Institute.
Ignatieff, Michael. 1996. Articles of faith. Index on Censorship 25:110–122.
Ilić, Dejan. 2004. The Yugoslav Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Overcoming Cognitive Blocks. Eurozine. http://eurozine.com/pdf/2004-04-23-ilic-en.pdf. Zugegriffen am 04.06.2010.
Kritz, Neil J., Hrsg. 1995. Transitional justice: How emerging democracies reckon with former regimes, Bd. 3. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press.
Krüger, Anne K. (2014): Wahrheitskommissionen. Die globale Verbreitung eines kulturellen Modells. Frankfurt am Main: Campus.
Krüger, Anne K. (2015). Preconditions of Global Cooperation. The Emergence of a Transitional Justice Epistemic Community. In Noemi Gal-Or, Birgit Schwelling (Hg.): Global Cooperation in Transitional Justice. Challenges, Possibilities, and Limits; (Global Dialogues 6). Duisburg: Kðte Hamburger Kolleg/Centre for Global Cooperation Research, S. 13–19.
Mandate for the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Schedule N of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. [2006]. http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/File/pdfs/SCHEDULE_N_EN.pdf. Zugegriffen am 28.11.2012.
Oettler, Anika. 2004. Erinnerungsarbeit und Vergangenheitspolitik in Guatemala. Frankfurt a. M.: Vervuert.
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2006. Rule-of-law tools for post-conflict states. Truth commissions. http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/RuleoflawTruthCommissionsen.pdf. Zugegriffen am 10.01.2013.
Phillips, Timothy. 2008. The project on justice in times of transition. In The new humanitarians, Hrsg. Chris E. Stout. Westport: Praeger Press.
Popkin, Margaret. 2000. Peace without justice. Obstacles to building the rule of law in El Salvador. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Popkin, Margaret, und Naomi Roht-Arriaza. 1995. Truth as justice: Investigatory commissions in Latin America. Law & Social Inquiry 20(1): 79–116.
Quinn, Joanna R. 2009. Haiti’s failed truth commission: Lessons in transitional justice. Journal of Human Rights 8(3): 265–281.
Scheuzger, Stephan. 2009. Wahrheitskommissionen, transnationale Expertennetzwerke und nationale Geschichte. In Vielstimmige Vergangenheiten – Geschichtspolitik in Lateinamerika, Hrsg. Berthold Molden und David Mayer, 215–238. Wien: Lit.
Teitel, Ruti G. 2003. Transitional justice genealogy. Harvard Human Rights Journal 16:69–94.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa. 1998 / 2003. Report, Bd. 6. Cape Town: Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
United Nations, Commission on Human Rights. 2005. Promotion and protection of human rights: Report of the independent expert to update the set of principles to combat impunity, Diane Orentlicher. Addendum: Updated Set of Principles for the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights Through Action to Combat Impunity, UN Doc. E/CN.4/2005/102/Add.1, 8. Februar.
United Nations, Commission on Human Rights. 2006a. Promotion and protection of human rights. Study on the right to the truth, Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, E/CN.4/2006/91, 8. Februar.
United Nations, High Commissioner for Human Rights. 2006b. Rule-of-law tools for post-conflict states: Truth commissions. New York: United Nations.
United Nations, Secretary-General. 2004. The rule of law and transitional justice in conflict and post-conflict societies, S/2004/616, 3. August.
United Nations, Commission on Human Rights, Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities. 1997. The Administration of Justice and the Human Rights Detainees: Question of the Impunity of Perpetrators of Human Rights Violations (Civil and Political). Revised Final Report Prepared by Mr. Joinet. 49th Session, Agenda Item 9, UN Doc E/CN.4/Sub.2/1997/20/Rev.1.
United States Institute of Peace, Truth Commissions Digital Collection des United States Institute of Peace. http://www.usip.org/publications/truth-commission-digital-collection. Zugegriffen am 10.01.2013.
Wiebelhaus-Brahm, Eric. 2010. Truth commissions and transitional societies: The impact on human rights and democracy. London: Routledge.
Zalaquett, José. 1989. Confronting human rights violations committed by former governments: Principles applicable and political constraints. In State crimes: Punishment or pardon: Papers and Report of the Conference, November 4–6, 1988, Wye Center, Maryland, 26–65. Queenstown: Aspen Institute.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
About this entry
Cite this entry
Krüger, A.K., Scheuzger, S. (2015). Die globale Verbreitung von Wahrheitskommissionen als Instrument der Transitional Justice. In: Mihr, A., Pickel, G., Pickel, S. (eds) Handbuch Transitional Justice. Springer NachschlageWissen. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02994-4_17-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02994-4_17-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer VS, Wiesbaden
Online ISBN: 978-3-658-02994-4
eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Sozialwissenschaften und Recht