Optokinetic reflex

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is a rhythmic involuntary conjugate ocular oscillation provoked by a compelling full visual field stimulus that is characterized by a set of alternating slow pursuit movement followed by a set of alternating slow (compensatory) and corrective fast (saccadic) phase of movement where the quick saccade brings the eyes back to the primary position once the eyes approach the limit of their rotation (Lavin 2012; May and Corbett 2013). The slow phases are in direction of the stimulation (Lavin 2012). As the head moves and a visual scene moves across the retina (retinal slip) the eyes automatically compensate to stabilize the image on the retina, by undergoing optokinetic nystagmus (May and Corbett 2013).

The reflex begins with afferents from the wide-field retinal ganglion cells sensitive to slow movements of the whole receptive fields that are turned to directions comparable to the orientations of the vestibular semicircular...