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Inflammation and Anti-Inflammatory Agents – Reactive Oxygen Species and Toxicity

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Abstract

Inflammation has attracted widespread attention because of its broad involvement in medical conditions. Examples are cancer, bowel diseases, Crohn’s disease, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, as well as aging. Substantial evidence indicates involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS). There is debate whether radicals are responsible for the condition, arise from the condition, or both. There are various types of anti-inflammatory agents, with this review being concentrated on the antioxidant category. Mechanisms are discussed. The various types include phenols, resveratrol, curcumin, flavonoids, N-acetylcysteine, and nanoparticles.

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Abbreviations

AO:

Antioxidant

ET:

Electron transfer

OS:

Oxidative stress

PHB:

Prohibitin

PMNs:

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

8-OHdG:

8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine

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Acknowledgments

Editorial assistance by Thelma Chavez is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA

    Peter Kovacic & Ratnasamy Somanathan

  2. Centro de Graduados e Investigación del Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Apdo postal 1166, Tijuana, BC, Mexico

    Ratnasamy Somanathan

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  1. Peter Kovacic
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  2. Ratnasamy Somanathan
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Correspondence to Peter Kovacic .

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Kovacic, P., Somanathan, R. (2014). Inflammation and Anti-Inflammatory Agents – Reactive Oxygen Species and Toxicity. In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_147

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