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Free Radicals and Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Abstract

Diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract include infection at the mucosal surface, cancers, and chronic inflammatory conditions such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These conditions involve reactive free radical species and oxidative damage during their progression and perhaps in their origin. The term “oxidative stress” has traditionally referred to the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the activity of antioxidant defenses. While short-term oxidative responses are beneficial, such as during invasion by a pathogen, long-term oxidative stress can cause tissue destruction due to the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage proteins, lipids, and DNA in the cell. Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants can counteract reactive species in the GI tract, and thus, a balance between oxidative and antioxidant responses is critical for maintaining intestinal health. This chapter will discuss redox biology of the GI tract and how an intricate balance between oxidative and antioxidant responses must be regulated to maintain good GI health. Evidence for the role of oxidative and antioxidant responses associated with GI diseases and syndromes will be reviewed, as well as, an overview of therapeutics to combat oxidative damage associated with GI disease.

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  1. Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada

    Kirsty Brown, Erin Molcan, Ethendhar Rajendiran, Angela Nusrat, Jessica Baker & Stephanie Ruscheinsky

  2. Department of Biology, The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Room ASC 368, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada

    Deanna L. Gibson

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  1. Kirsty Brown
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    Ismail Laher

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Brown, K. et al. (2014). Free Radicals and Gastrointestinal Disorders. In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_137

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