The hippocampus is comprised of the dentate gyrus and the CA1, CA2, and CA3 pyramidal cell fields. The hippocampal formation consists of the hippocampus and the subiculum. The adjacent entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices comprise the parahippocampal region (Fig. 1). These limbic subregions differ in their cellular organization and connectivity but are commonly implicated in memory and emotion processing.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.
References
Bingel, U., Quante, M., Knab, R., et al. (2002). Subcortical structures involved in pain processing: Evidence from single-trial fMRI. Pain, 99, 313–321.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Borras, M. C., Becerra, L., Ploghaus, A., et al. (2004). fMRI measurement of CNS responses to naloxone infusion and subsequent mild noxious thermal stimuli in healthy volunteers. Journal of Neurophysiology, 91, 2723–2733.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Derbyshire, S. W. G., Jones, A. K. P., Gyulai, F., et al. (1997). Pain processing during three levels of noxious stimulation produces differential patterns of central activity. Pain, 73, 431–445.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Dutar, P., Lamour, Y., & Jobert, A. (1985). Activation of identified septo-hippocampal neurons by noxious peripheral stimulation. Brain Research, 328, 15–21.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Greicius, M. D., & Menon, V. (2004). Default-mode activity during a passive sensory task: Uncoupled from deactivation but impacting activation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 1484–1492.PubMedGoogle Scholar
McNaughton, N., & Gray, J. A. (2000). Anxiolytic action on the behavioural inhibition system implies multiple types of arousal contribute to anxiety. Journal of Affective Disorders, 61, 161–176.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Melzack, R., & Casey, K. L. (1968). Sensory, motivational, and central control determinants of pain. In D. R. Kenshalo (Ed.), The skin senses (pp. 423–439). Springfield: Thomas.Google Scholar
Napadow, V., Makris, N., Liu, J., et al. (2005). Effects of electroacupuncture versus manual acupuncture on the human brain as measured by fMRI. Human Brain Mapping, 24, 193–205.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Pariente, J., White, P., Frackowiak, R. S. J., et al. (2005). Expectancy and belief modulate the neuronal substrates of pain treated by acupuncture. NeuroImage, 25, 1161–1167.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Ploghaus, A., Tracey, I., Clare, S., et al. (2000). Learning about pain: The neural substrate of the prediction error for aversive events. PNAS, 97, 9281–9286.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Ploghaus, A., Narain, C., Beckmann, C. F., et al. (2001). Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network. Journal of Neuroscience, 21, 9896–9903.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Squire, L. R., Stark, C. E. L., & Clark, R. E. (2004). The medial temporal lobe. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 27, 279–306.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Wilder-Smith, C. H., Schindler, D., Lovblad, K., et al. (2004). Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging of rectal pain and activation of endogenous inhibitory mechanisms in irritable bowel syndrome patient subgroups and healthy controls. Gut, 53, 1595–1601.PubMedGoogle Scholar
Zambreanu, L., Wise, R. G., Brooks, J. C. W., et al. (2005). A role for the brainstem in central sensitisation in humans. Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging. Pain, 114, 397–407.PubMedGoogle Scholar