Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Exosomal miRNA

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Cancer

  • 108 Accesses

Synonyms

Exosomal microRNA; Exosomal shuttle microRNA

Definition

Exosomes, shuttling from donor cells to recipient cells, are cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) with 30–100 nm in diameter and dish- or classic cup-shaped morphology. Exosomes transport bioactive cargo carrying selective proteins, lipids, DNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and small and large noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNA embedded in exosomes is termed as exosomal miRNA. Exosomal miRNAs regulate diverse biological processes in recipient cells.

Characteristics

Biogenesis of Exosomes and Exosomal miRNA Packaging

Exosomes play a fundamental role in cell-cell communication and have been found in various cell types, especially in tumor cells. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 63, CD81, heat shock protein (HSP) 70, Alix (ALG-2-interacting protein X), and TSG101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101) serve as exosomal marker proteins. Exosomes are derived from the multivesicular bodies (MVBs), which are also known as...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Kosaka N et al (2013) Exosomal tumor-suppressive microRNAs as novel cancer therapy “exocure” is another choice for cancer treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 65(3):376–382

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller IV, Grunewald TG (2015) Tumor-derived exosomes: tiny envelopes for big stories. Biol Cell 107:1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Squadrito ML et al (2014) Endogenous RNAs modulate microRNA sorting to exosomes and transfer to accept cells. Cell Rep 8(5):1432–1446

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ye SB et al (2014) Tumor-derived exosomes promote tumor progression and T-cell dysfunction through the regulation of enriched exosomal microRNAs in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 5(14):5439–5452

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang J et al (2015) Exosome and exosomal microRNA: trafficking, sorting, and function. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 13(1):17–24

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

See Also

  • (2012) P53. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 2747. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_4331

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA

      Shuai Jiang

    2. Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA

      Wei Yan

    Authors
    1. Shuai Jiang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Wei Yan
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Shuai Jiang .

    Editor information

    Editors and Affiliations

    1. Abt. Tumorgenetik, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany

      Manfred Schwab

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    Copyright information

    © 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

    About this entry

    Cite this entry

    Jiang, S., Yan, W. (2015). Exosomal miRNA. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7227-1

    Download citation

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_7227-1

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9

    • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

    Publish with us

    Policies and ethics

    Search

    Navigation