Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics

Living Edition
| Editors: Dongqing Li

SNP on Chip Micro- and Nanofluidics for Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Discrimination

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27758-0_1428-2
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Synonyms

Nucleic acid detection

Definition

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are single-base-pair differences in individuals where the less common variant occurs in only a small portion of the total population. Detection of these SNPs is proving to be a useful technique for the diagnosis of a variety of genetic diseases and disorders. In this entry microfluidics-based techniques for SNP discrimination are explored.

Overview

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are single-base-pair differences in DNA among individuals where the less common variant occurs in at least 1 % of the total population [1]. The decoding of the human genome has given us access to more than three million SNPs (roughly 1 every 100–300 bases) and opened up exciting new capabilities for associating individual SNPs, haplotypes, and linkage disequilibrium with disease states and pharmacological responses. The first of these associations represents the simplest of cases, where the...

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaUSA