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Anterior Horn Cell Diseases

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Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics

Definition/Classification

Disorders of the anterior horn cell (AHC) can either be acquired or inherited. Acquired diseases are mainly of viral origin and most of these run an acute course. They include poliomyelitis and similar diseases due to enteroviruses other than poliovirus. Following the global control of poliomyelitis by widespread immunization, inherited degenerative diseases currently account for most cases of AHC disease.

Paralytic Poliomyelitis

The polioviruses belong to the Piccornaviridae family, in the genus Entrovirus and include three antigenically distinct serotypes (types 1, 2, and 3). They spread by the fecal–oral route and humans are the only known reservoir. Polioviruses are known to be resistant and can retain infectivity for several days at room temperature.

Epidemiology

Paralytic poliomyelitis occurs in about 1/1,000 infections among infants to about 1/100 infections among adolescents. Prior to universal vaccination, epidemics of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia

    Prof., Dr. Mustafa A. M. Salih

Authors
  1. Prof., Dr. Mustafa A. M. Salih
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mustafa A. M. Salih .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdelaziz Y. Elzouki (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  2. National Center of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (NCAAI), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Harb A. Harfi (Director) (Director)

  3. Consultant Pediatric Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Islamic Hospital, Amman, Jordan

    Hisham M. Nazer

  4. Seattle Children's Hospital University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    F. Bruder Stapleton (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics) (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics)

  5. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Woman and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA

    William Oh (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  6. University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Richard J. Whitley (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Salih, M.A.M. (2012). Anterior Horn Cell Diseases. In: Elzouki, A.Y., Harfi, H.A., Nazer, H.M., Stapleton, F.B., Oh, W., Whitley, R.J. (eds) Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_370

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_370

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02201-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02202-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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