urb. (In Europe, defensive system of ramparts and outworks with wide, ramped, earthen walls that surrounded medi[a]eval cities. Most of these walls were destroyed after World War I, and they were replaced by public open green spaces or by broad tree-lined streets [US]/avenues [UK]; in U.S., earthen entrenchments were built during wars in earlier times; e.g. in a ring of forts around Washington, D.C., during the ‘Civil War’ or ‘War Between the States’, sometimes preserved in historic battlefield parks; ► removal of fortfications); syn. town fortification [n] [UK] (JEL 1986, 457); s fortificación [f] de tierra (±) (Antiguas fortificaciones de ciudades medievales hechas de terraplenes de tierra, que en Alemania fueron desmontadas después de la 1^a Guerra Mundial y convertidas en parques o amplias avenidas de ronda arboladas; ► desmantelamiento de fortificaciones); f fortification [f] de terre(Ouvrage militaire défensif, enceinte entourant un grand nombre de villes européennes constitués...