Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) for Controlling Adhesion, Friction, and Wear

Reference work entry

Abstract

Making micro- and nanodevices as well as magnetic storage devices reliable necessitates the use of protective hydrophobic lubricating films that can minimize the adhesion, friction, and wear of sliding surfaces. Because of the small clearances associated with these devices, such films need to be very thin (on the order of a few molecules thick). Chemically-bonded low surface tension liquid films are suitable for this purpose, as are a select number of hydrophobic solid films. Highly hydrophobic ordered molecular assemblies can also be used; these are engineered by chemically grafting various polymer molecules with suitable functional head groups, spacer chains and nonpolar surface terminal groups to the surface involved.

In this chapter, we focus on the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) for high hydrophobicity and/or low adhesion, friction and wear applications. SAMs are produced by various organic precursors, so the chapter starts with a primer for the organic chemistry associated with this field. This is followed by an overview of selected SAMs with various spacer chains and terminal groups in their molecular chains on a variety of substrates, and a summary of the tribological properties of SAMs. The adhesion, friction and wear properties of SAMs with various spacer chains and surface terminal and head groups (hexadecane thiol, biphenyl thiol, alkylsilane, perfluoroalkylsilane and alkylphosphonate) on various substrates (Au, Si, and Al) are then surveyed. Degradation mechanisms and environmental effects are studied. Nanotribological studies of various SAM films by atomic force microscopy (AFM), show that perfluoroalkylsilane SAMs in particular exhibit attractive hydrophobic and tribological properties.

Keywords

Atomic Force Microscope Contact Angle Friction Force Normal Load Adhesive Force 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Abbreviations

AFM

atomic force microscopy

DI

deionized

DLC

diamond like carbon

DMD

digital micromirror device

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid

FFM

friction force microscope

HDT

hexadecanethiol

HF

hydrofluoric acid

LB

Langmuir–Blodgett

MEMS

microelectromechanical system

NEMS

nanoelectromechanical system

OTS

octadecyltrichlorosilane

PDMS

polydimethylsiloxane

PECVD

plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition

PTFE

polytetrafluoroethylene

RH

relative humidity

SAM

scanning acoustic microscopy

SAM

self-assembled monolayer

bioMEMS

biomedical microelectromechanical systems

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage and MEMS/NEMSThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA

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