Encyclopedia of Pain

2007 Edition

Sympatho-Adrenal System and Mechanical Hyperalgesic Behavior, Animal Experimentation

  • Wilfrid Jänig
Reference work entry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29805-2_4339
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Definition

The adrenal medullae release both adrenaline and noradrenaline, regulated by activity in preganglionic sympathetic neurons that project from the thoracic spinal cord through the splanchnic nerves to this gland. Histological and immunohistochemical studies show that adrenaline and noradrenaline are synthesized by different cells, which are also innervated by different groups of preganglionic neurons (Edwards et al. 1996). These data suggest that there are two separate sympathetic pathways to the adrenal medulla, one mediating the release of adrenaline and the other noradrenaline (Vollmer 1996). This idea is supported by functional studies implying that the release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal medulla can be regulated differentially by the brain (see Folkow 1955 for early studies; Folkow and von Euler 1954; Vollmer 1996). Morrison and Cao (2000) showed in the rat that preganglionic neurons, which innervate adrenergic cells of the adrenal medulla, are not...

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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  • Wilfrid Jänig
    • 1
  1. 1.Institute of PhysiologyChristian Albrechts University KielKielGermany