Migraine, Familial Hemiplegic
Synonyms
There are four genetic types of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM). No all-encompassing synonyms are in use, however, the phenotypes include subphenotypes: FHM1 includes sporadic hemiplegic migraine with progressive cerebellar ataxia and FHM2 includes forms of basilar migraine. FHM3 has no additional synonyms.
Definition and Characteristics
Individuals affected by autosomal dominant FHM present with characteristic unilateral migrainous headaches accompanied by nausea, phono- and photophobia. Episodes are typically precipitated by an aura with symptoms of both hyper- and underexcitability such as aphasia, dysarthria, vertigo, homonymous hemianopsia, cheiro-oral paresthesia, and some degree of mainly unilateral paresis. The aura may be prolonged and confusion and loss of consciousness may occur. In the interval, some families additionally present with epilepsy, retinal degeneration, hypakusis, persistent cerebellar dysfunction with Purkinje cell atrophy.
Prevalence
FHM...
References
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