Skip to main content

ITSN

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules

Synonyms

Ese; Intersectin

The Intersectin Family

The Intersectin family refers to a group of proteins that share N-terminal EH domains, a central coiled-coil domain, and multiple SH3 domains. In mammals, there are Intersectin1 and 2 genes (Itsn1 and Itsn2, respectively), whereas in invertebrates, only one gene appears to be present.

Historical Background

Intersectins are conserved modular scaffold proteins with two Eps15-homology (EH) domains, an extended KLERQ coiled-coil domain, four or five Src-homology 3 (SH3) domains, and, in some vertebrate splice variants, DBL/PH and C2 domains (Fig. 1). The Itsn proteins were discovered independently in a number of organisms and in a number of labs. For example, the single Itsn in Drosophila melanogaster, Dap160, or Dynamin-associated protein 160 kDa, copurified with the proline-rich C-terminus of Dynamin (Roos and Kelly 1998). Human ITSN1 was cloned following identification of a trapped exon that coded for a novel EH domain (Guipponi et al. 1998...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 4,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 4,499.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Chabu C, Doe CQ. Dap160/intersectin binds and activates aPKC to regulate cell polarity and cell cycle progression. Development. 2008;135(16):2739–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das M, Scappini E, Martin NP, Wong KA, Dunn S, Chen YJ, et al. Regulation of neuron survival through an intersectin-phosphoinositide 3′-kinase C2beta-AKT pathway. Mol Cell Biol. 2007;27(22):7906–17.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evergren E, Gad H, Walther K, Sundborger A, Tomilin N, Shupliakov O. Intersectin is a negative regulator of dynamin recruitment to the synaptic endocytic zone in the central synapse. J Neurosci. 2007;27(2):379–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson SM, Raimondi A, Paradise S, Shen H, Mesaki K, Ferguson A, et al. Coordinated actions of actin and BAR proteins upstream of dynamin at endocytic clathrin-coated pits. Dev Cell. 2009;17(6):811–22.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guipponi M, Scott HS, Hattori M, Ishii K, Sakaki Y, Antonarakis SE. Genomic structure, sequence, and refined mapping of the human intersectin gene (ITSN), which encompasses 250 kb on chromosome 21q22.1→q22.2. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1998;83(3–4):218–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • He G, Wang HR, Huang SK, Huang CL. Intersectin links WNK kinases to endocytosis of ROMK1. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(4):1078–87.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henne WM, Boucrot E, Meinecke M, Evergren E, Vallis Y, Mittal R, et al. FCHo proteins are nucleators of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Science. 2010;328:1281–4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain NK, Yamabhai M, Ramjaun AR, Guy AM, Baranes D, O’Bryan JP, et al. Splice variants of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. J Biol Chem. 1999;274(22):15671–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain NK, Jenna S, Glogauer M, Quinn CC, Wasiak S, Guipponi M, et al. Endocytic protein intersectin-l regulates actin assembly via Cdc42 and N-WASP. Nat Cell Biol. 2001;3(10):927–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Irie F, Yamaguchi Y. EphB receptors regulate dendritic spine development via intersectin, Cdc42 and N-WASP. Nat Neurosci. 2002;5(11):1117–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna R, Li Q, Stanley EF. ‘Fractional recovery’ analysis of a presynaptic synaptotagmin 1-anchored endocytic protein complex. PLoS One. 2006;1:e67.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna R, Li Q, Schlichter LC, Stanley EF. The transmitter release-site CaV2.2 channel cluster is linked to an endocytosis coat protein complex. Eur J Neurosci. 2007;26(3):560–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khodosh R, Augsburger A, Schwarz TL, Garrity PA. Bchs, a BEACH domain protein, antagonizes Rab11 in synapse morphogenesis and other developmental events. Development. 2006;133(23):4655–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein I, Predescu D, Sharma T, Knezevic I, Malik A, Predescu S. Intersectin-2L regulates caveolae endocytosis secondary to Cdc42-mediated actin polymerization. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:25953.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koh TW, Verstreken P, Bellen HJ. Dap160/intersectin acts as a stabilizing scaffold required for synaptic development and vesicle endocytosis. Neuron. 2004;43(2):193–205.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koh TW, Korolchuk VI, Wairkar YP, Jiao W, Evergren E, Pan H, et al. Eps15 and Dap160 control synaptic vesicle membrane retrieval and synapse development. J Cell Biol. 2007;178(2):309–22.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loeb CR, Harris JL, Craik CS. Granzyme B proteolyzes receptors important to proliferation and survival, tipping the balance toward apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(38):28326–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Majumdar A, Ramagiri S, Rikhy R. Drosophila homologue of Eps15 is essential for synaptic vesicle recycling. Exp Cell Res. 2006;312(12):2288–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malacombe M, Ceridono M, Calco V, Chasserot-Golaz S, McPherson PS, Bader MF, et al. Intersectin-1 L nucleotide exchange factor regulates secretory granule exocytosis by activating Cdc42. EMBO J. 2006;25(15):3494–503.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marie B, Sweeney ST, Poskanzer KE, Roos J, Kelly RB, Davis GW. Dap160/intersectin scaffolds the periactive zone to achieve high-fidelity endocytosis and normal synaptic growth. Neuron. 2004;43(2):207–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maritzen T, Podufall J, Haucke V. Stonins–specialized adaptors for synaptic vesicle recycling and beyond? Traffic. 2010;11(1):8–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCabe BD, Marques G, Haghighi AP, Fetter RD, Crotty ML, Haerry TE, et al. The BMP homolog Gbb provides a retrograde signal that regulates synaptic growth at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. Neuron. 2003;39(2):241–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGavin MK, Badour K, Hardy LA, Kubiseski TJ, Zhang J, Siminovitch KA. The intersectin 2 adaptor links Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASp)-mediated actin polymerization to T cell antigen receptor endocytosis. J Exp Med. 2001;194(12):1777–87.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohney RP, Das M, Bivona TG, Hanes R, Adams AG, Philips MR, et al. Intersectin activates Ras but stimulates transcription through an independent pathway involving JNK. J Biol Chem. 2003;278(47):47038–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nahm M, Kim S, Paik SK, Lee M, Lee S, Lee ZH, et al. dCIP4 (Drosophila Cdc42-interacting protein 4) restrains synaptic growth by inhibiting the secretion of the retrograde glass bottom boat signal. J Neurosci. 2010;30(24):8138–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nakatsu F, Perera RM, Lucast L, Zoncu R, Domin J, Gertler FB, et al. The inositol 5-phosphatase SHIP2 regulates endocytic clathrin-coated pit dynamics. J Cell Biol. 2010;190(3):307–15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura T, Yamaguchi T, Tokunaga A, Hara A, Hamaguchi T, Kato K, et al. Role of numb in dendritic spine development with a Cdc42 GEF intersectin and EphB2. Mol Biol Cell. 2006;17(3):1273–85.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Connor-Giles KM, Ho LL, Ganetzky B. Nervous wreck interacts with thickveins and the endocytic machinery to attenuate retrograde BMP signaling during synaptic growth. Neuron. 2008;58(4):507–18.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto M, Schoch S, Sudhof TC. EHSH1/intersectin, a protein that contains EH and SH3 domains and binds to dynamin and SNAP-25. A protein connection between exocytosis and endocytosis? J Biol Chem. 1999;274(26):18446–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pechstein A, Bacetic J, Vahedi-Faridi A, Gromova K, Sundborger A, Tomlin N, et al. Regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling by complex formation between intersectin 1 and the clathrin adaptor complex AP2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010a;107:4206.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pechstein A, Shupliakov O, Haucke V. Intersectin 1: a versatile actor in the synaptic vesicle cycle. Biochem Soc Trans. 2010b;038(1):181–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Predescu SA, Predescu DN, Timblin BK, Stan RV, Malik AB. Intersectin regulates fission and internalization of caveolae in endothelial cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2003;14(12):4997–5010.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Predescu SA, Predescu DN, Knezevic I, Klein IK, Malik AB. Intersectin-1 s regulates the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in endothelial cells. J Biol Chem. 2007;282(23):17166–78.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pucharcos C, Estivill X, de la Luna S. Intersectin 2, a new multimodular protein involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. FEBS Lett. 2000;478(1–2):43–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Quinn CC, Chen E, Kinjo TG, Kelly G, Bell AW, Elliott RC, et al. TUC-4b, a novel TUC family variant, regulates neurite outgrowth and associates with vesicles in the growth cone. J Neurosci. 2003;23(7):2815–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rikhy R, Kumar V, Mittal R, Krishnan KS. Endophilin is critically required for synapse formation and function in Drosophila melanogaster. J Neurosci. 2002;22(17):7478–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rodal AA, Motola-Barnes RN, Littleton JT. Nervous wreck and Cdc42 cooperate to regulate endocytic actin assembly during synaptic growth. J Neurosci. 2008;28(33):8316–25.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Fraticelli AE, Vergarajauregui S, Eastburn DJ, Datta A, Alonso MA, Mostov K, et al. The Cdc42 GEF Intersectin 2 controls mitotic spindle orientation to form the lumen during epithelial morphogenesis. J Cell Biol. 2010;189(4):725–38.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roos J, Kelly RB. Dap160, a neural-specific Eps15 homology and multiple SH3 domain-containing protein that interacts with Drosophila dynamin. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(30):19108–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rose S, Malabarba MG, Krag C, Schultz A, Tsushima H, Di Fiore PP, et al. Caenorhabditis elegans intersectin: a synaptic protein regulating neurotransmission. Mol Biol Cell. 2007;18(12):5091–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sengar AS, Wang W, Bishay J, Cohen S, Egan SE. The EH and SH3 domain Ese proteins regulate endocytosis by linking to dynamin and Eps15. EMBO J. 1999;18(5):1159–71.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SM, Renden R, von Gersdorff H. Synaptic vesicle endocytosis: fast and slow modes of membrane retrieval. Trends Neurosci. 2008;31(11):559–68.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney ST, Davis GW. Unrestricted synaptic growth in spinster-a late endosomal protein implicated in TGF-beta-mediated synaptic growth regulation. Neuron. 2002;36(3):403–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas S, Ritter B, Verbich D, Sanson C, Bourbonniere L, McKinney RA, et al. Intersectin regulates dendritic spine development and somatodendritic endocytosis but not synaptic vesicle recycling in hippocampal neurons. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(18):12410–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verstreken P, Koh TW, Schulze KL, Zhai RG, Hiesinger PR, Zhou Y, et al. Synaptojanin is recruited by endophilin to promote synaptic vesicle uncoating. Neuron. 2003;40(4):733–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JB, WJ W, Cerione RA. Cdc42 and Ras cooperate to mediate cellular transformation by intersectin-L. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(24):22883–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Bouhours M, Gracheva EO, Liao EH, Xu K, Sengar AS, et al. ITSN-1 controls vesicle recycling at the neuromuscular junction and functions in parallel with DAB-1. Traffic. 2008;9(5):742–54.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xie J, Vandenbroere I, Pirson I. SHIP2 associates with intersectin and recruits it to the plasma membrane in response to EGF. FEBS Lett. 2008;582(20):3011–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamabhai M, Hoffman NG, Hardison NL, McPherson PS, Castagnoli L, Cesareni G, et al. Intersectin, a novel adaptor protein with two Eps15 homology and five Src homology 3 domains. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(47):31401–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu Y, Chu PY, Bowser DN, Keating DJ, Dubach D, Harper I, et al. Mice deficient for the chromosome 21 ortholog Itsn1 exhibit vesicle-trafficking abnormalities. Hum Mol Genet. 2008;17(21):3281–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sean E. Egan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Sengar, A.S., Salter, M.W., Egan, S.E. (2018). ITSN. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_440

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics