Definition
Eye tracking is a method in which movements of the eye are assessed using recording devices and programs. Eye-tracking paradigms allow for the measurement of physiological processes, such as fixations and saccades of the eye as well as dilation of the pupil, and the comparison of these physiological processes to neural processes. Eye tracking has been extensively used in research on visual attention such as during presentation of visual stimuli (e.g., images, written text, film clips).
Historical Background
The development of eye-tracking technology and its uses can be organized into three distinct stages (Rayner 1998). The first era, spanning from the late 1890s to the 1920s, involved the discovery and study of basic characteristics of eye movements through the use of after-images, visual observation, mechanical methods (i.e., caps), and photography (Yarbus 1967). Saccadic suppression (the concept that information is not processed during eye movements), saccade latency...
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Ebner, N.C., Weir, D.H., Rainer, R.D. (2018). Eye Tracking. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_9083
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