Definition
The first Center for Independent Living was founded in 1972 by disability advocates in Berkeley, California. A Center for Independent Living (CIL) is defined in Section 702 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (as amended) as “…a consumer-controlled, community-based, cross-disability, nonresidential private nonprofit agency that is designed and operated within a local community by individuals with disabilities and provides an array of independent living services.” 51% of the staff of an ILC and 51% of the board of directors must be persons with disabilities. As such CILs are a grassroots, civil rights advocacy program designed to assist persons with disabilities gain independence and to eliminate community barriers to independence.
Centers are funded in part by the US Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Community Living and the Administration on Disabilities (AoD) authorized by Title VII, Chapter I, Part B of the Rehabilitation Act, amended by the...
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References and Readings
Administration for Community Living. (2016). U.S. department of health and human services. https://www.acl.gov/programs/aging-and-disability-networks/centers-independent-living.
DeJong, G. (1979). Independent living: From social movement to analytic paradigm. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 60, 435–446.
Wolfensberger, W. (1972). The principle of normalization in human services. Toronto: National Institute on Mental Retardation.
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Armstrong, A.J. (2018). Independent Living Centers. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_403
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