Textbook of Pediatric Neurosurgery pp 1-17 | Cite as
Skull Tumors and Scalp Lesions
Living reference work entry
First Online:
Abstract
Lesions of the scalp and skull in the pediatric population include a wide variety of pathologies including congenital, posttraumatic, vascular, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies. While most of the lesions are benign, care should be taken with their work-up to identify those lesions which may be malignant. Surgical indications for these lesions include gross total resection when there is concern for malignancy. Neurosurgical intervention is also indicated for correction of a potential cosmetic deformity as well as biopsy for identification of unknown lesions. When resecting skull lesions, consideration should be given to the possible need for reconstruction of the defect. The most common skull and scalp lesions encountered in a pediatric neurosurgery practice are epidermoid/dermoid cysts and Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
References
- Alexiou GA, Mpairamidis E, Sfakianos G, Prodromou N (2009) Cranial unifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children. J Pediatr Surg 44(3):571–574CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Anomalies I. S. f. t. S. o. V (2014) EISSVA classification of vascular anomolies. Apr 2014Google Scholar
- Arango-Fernandez H, Pineda S, Elneser N, Gomez-Delgado A (2016) Conversion of aneurysmal bone cyst into fibrous dysplasia: a rare pediatric case report. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 15(2):355CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bin Y, Li L, Li-xin Z, Yu-juan S, Lin M, Yang B, Li L, Zhang L-X, Sun Y-J, Ma L (2015) Clinical characteristics and treatment options of infantile vascular anomalies. Medicine 94(40):1–9. 9pCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Da-Biao Z, Ji-Zong Z, Dong Z, Xiao-Yuan H (2009) Multicentric infantile myofibromatosis: a rare disorder of the calvarium. Acta Neurochir 151(6):641–646CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- DiCaprio MR, Roberts TT (2014) Diagnosis and management of langerhans cell histiocytosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 22(10):643–652CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Elluru RG (2013) Cutaneous vascular lesions. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 21:111–126CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Gibson SE, Prayson RA (2007) Primary skull lesions in the pediatric population. Arch Pathol Lab Med 131(5):761–766PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Gupta AK, Purkayastha S, Bodhey NK, Kapilamoorthy TR, Krishnamoorthy T, Kesavadas C, Thomas B (2008) Endovascular treatment of scalp cirsoid aneurysms. Neurol India 56(2): 167–172CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Haq N u, Bilal M, Laiq N (2010) Aplasia cutis CONGENITA scalp: management options. J Postgrad Med Inst 24(1):36–40Google Scholar
- Hussein MR (2008) Cranial fasciitis of childhood: a case report and review of literature. J Cutan Pathol 35(2):212–214PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kilpatrick SE, Wenger DE, Gilchrist GS, Shives TC, Wollan PC, Unni KK (1995) Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) of bone. A clinicopathologic analysis of 263 pediatric and adult cases. Cancer 76(12):2471–2484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kosiak W, Piskunowicz M, Swieton D, Bien E, Batko T (2013) Sonographic diagnosis and monitoring of localized langerhans cell histiocytosis of the skull. J Clin Ultrasound 41(3): 134–139CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lee JS, FitzGibbon EJ, Chen YR, Kim HJ, Lustig LR, Akintoye SO, Collins MT, Kaban LB (2012) Clinical guidelines for the management of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 7(Suppl 1):1–19CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Medlock MD, McComb JG, Raffel C, Gonzalez-Gomez I (1994) Subcutaneous palisading granuloma of the scalp in childhood. Pediatr Neurosurg 21(2):113–116CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Munakomi S, Bhattarai B, Cherian I (2015) Conquering the odds: cirsoid aneurysm with holocranial feeders-staged embolization, excision and grafting. Asian J Neurosurg 10(3): 259–261CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Nanni D, Lotz PR (1985) Hemorrhagic nerve sheath tumors (plexiform neurofibromas) of the scalp: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 9(2):272–274CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Oh C-K, Whang S-M, Kim B-G, Ko H-C, Lee C-H, Kim HJ, Kim YW, Kwon K-S (2007) Congenital cranial fasciitis – “watch and wait” or early intervention. Pediatr Dermatol 24(3): 263–266CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Pavanello M, Melloni I, Antichi E, Severino M, Ravegnani M, Piatelli G, Cama A, Rossi A, Gandolfo C (2015) Sinus pericranii: diagnosis and management in 21 pediatric patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr 15(1):60–70CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Riebel T, David S, Thomale UW (2008) Calvarial dermoids and epidermoids in infants and children: sonographic spectrum and follow-up. Child’s Nerv Syst 24(11):1327–1332CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ruge JR, Tomita T, Naidich TP, Hahn YS, McLone DG (1988) Scalp and calvarial masses of infants and children. Neurosurgery 22(6 Pt 1):1037–1042CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Siverino ROA, Guarrera V, Attinà G, Chiaramonte R, Milone P, Chiaramonte I (2015) Parietal atretic cephalocele: associated cerebral anomalies identified by CT and MR imaging. Neuroradiol J 28(2):217–221. 215pCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Skender-Kalnenas TM, English DR, Heenan PJ (1995) Benign melanocytic lesions: risk markers or precursors of cutaneous melanoma? J Am Acad Dermatol 33(6):1000–1007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Turan E, Buyukgural B, Celik OI (2015) Simultaneous occurrence of two squamous cell carcinomas developing in a nevus sebaceous. Arch Iran Med (AIM) 18(4):253–256. 254pGoogle Scholar
- Yamaguchi Y, Miura M (2013) How to form and close the brain: insight into the mechanism of cranial neural tube closure in mammals. Cell Mol Life Sci 70(17):3171–3186CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Yoon SH, Park S-H (2008) A study of 77 cases of surgically excised scalp and skull masses in pediatric patients. Child’s Nerv Syst 24(4):459–465CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018