Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) of the Liver

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Abstract

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver is a reactive mass-forming regenerative hyperplastic response of hepatocytes, secondary to localized vascular and circulatory abnormalities. FNH has a predilection for young females and represents, after hemangioma, the second most common benign hepatic tumorous lesion of the liver in adults. Many FNH are asymptomatic and detected by chance, but a minority of FNH are associated with various symptoms mainly related to large size or atypical location. Most FNH are solitary lesions that are predominantly located in the right liver lobe. In a minority of patients, multiple lesions, sometimes exceeding 30, are present. Macroscopically, FNH are well-circumscribed nodular, yellowish to tan masses with a characteristic nodular texture, radiating septa, and a central stellate scar-like fibrotic structure. Part of the lesions protrude from the liver and can become pedunculated masses. The diameter of FNH may exceed 20 cm. Histologically, FNH is characterized by nodules that consist of normal-looking hepatocytes forming thin plates. These nodules are separated from each other by fibrous septa and interspersed portal tract-like structures. The latter lack interlobular bile ducts but contain ductular proliferations. The fibrous tissue areas contain abnormal thick-walled blood vessels.

Keywords

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia Hepatocellular Adenoma Central Scar Ductus Venosus 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.University of BernBernSwitzerland

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