A supply chain approach is particularly crucial to the management of the distribution functions in tourism and long-term viability of a destination. In a nutshell, tourism supply chain can be referred to as an array of tactics used to effectively administer its subsidiary functions. An integrated supply chain facilitates coordination across various enterprises in a manner that the host community needs and impacts on the immediate or surrounding environment are taken into consideration (Hoejmose et al. 2012; Zhang et al. 2009). The intent is to “group” rather than “gather” using a systems approach.

Chen and Yi (2010) present four models of tourism supply chain: purposes, space, relationship, and the constitution way. The purposes category refers to  resourcesand the tourism market environment. The former aims to link similar or complementary resources to produce an integrated effect, thereby calling for holistic integration of geographic space (such as a neighborhood effect) and...