Introduction
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), considered a universal set of goals, targets, and indicators, primarily aim at ending poverty in all its forms by 2030 (UN 2015). According to Sachs (2012), these SDGs are based on the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), already launched in 2001 and that expired in 2015. These were (1) eradicating extreme poverty and hunger; (2) achieving universal primary education; (3) promoting gender equality and empowering women; (4) reducing child mortality rates; (5) improving maternal health; (6) combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases; (7) ensuring environmental sustainability; and (8) developing a global partnership for development (UN 2000). The deadline for achieving these goals was set out in the declaration as the year 2015, but, in June 2012 at the UN Conference in Rio de Janeiro (Rio+20), additional targets and tasks related were specified for each goal (Wysokińska 2017).
These MDGs have encountered several...
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Paço, A. (2019). Sustainable Development Goals. In: Leal Filho, W. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability in Higher Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11352-0_325
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