Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology

2014 Edition
| Editors: Thomas Teo

Whiteness

Reference work entry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5583-7_331

Introduction

In western societies – where “race” as a category continues to be treated as an organizing principle through which social hierarchies are legitimated – certain “racial groupings” are treated as the norm, in comparison to those groups who are treated as marginal. In being treated as the norm, dominant groups accrue a range of privileges that are typically left unsaid or unrecognized. In her now classic text on the topic, McIntosh ( 1989) provides examples of the privileges that accrue to dominant group members, such as “I can be pretty sure that if I ask to talk to the ‘person in charge’, I will be facing a person of my race,” “I can turn on the television or open to the front page of the paper and see people of my race widely represented,” and “I can swear, or dress in second hand clothes, or not answer letters, without having people attribute these choices to the bad morals, the poverty or the illiteracy of my race.” With the effects of these privileges in mind, over the...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

References

  1. Ahmed, S. (2004). Declarations of whiteness: The non-performativity of anti-racism. Borderlands e-Journal, 3.Google Scholar
  2. Du Bois, W. E. B. (1995). The souls of white folk. In D. Levering Lewis (Ed.), W. E. B. Du Bois: A reader (pp. 453–465). New York, NY: Henry Holt.Google Scholar
  3. Dyer, R. (1997). White. London, England: Routledge.Google Scholar
  4. Fine, M., Weis, L., Powell, L. C., & Wong, L. M. (1997). Off white: Readings on race, power, and society. New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
  5. Frankenberg, R. (1993). White women, race matters: The social construction of whiteness. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
  6. Haggis, J. (2007). Beyond race and whiteness? Reflections on the new abolitionists and an Australian critical whiteness studies. In D. W. Riggs (Ed.), Taking up the challenge: Critical race and whiteness studies in a postcolonising nation (pp. 311–324). Adelaide, Australia: Crawford House Publishers.Google Scholar
  7. Harris, C. I. (1993). Whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review, 106, 1707–1791.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Hooks, B. (1992). Black looks: Race and representation. Boston, MA: South End Press.Google Scholar
  9. Laforteza, E. (2007). The whitening of brown skins and the darkening of whiteness. Reconstruction, 7. http://reconstruction.eserver.org/071/laforteza.shtml
  10. Lipsitz, G. (1998). The possessive investment in whiteness: How white people profit from identity politics. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
  11. McIntosh, P. (1989, July/August). White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack. Peace and Freedom, 10–12.Google Scholar
  12. Moreton-Robinson, A. (2000). Talkin’ up to the white woman: Indigenous women and feminism. St. Lucia, QLD, Australia: University of Queensland Press.Google Scholar
  13. Morrison, T. (1992). Playing in the dark: Whiteness and the literary imagination. New York, NY: Vintage: Random House.Google Scholar
  14. Ponterotto, J. G., Utsey, S. O., & Pedersen, P. B. (Eds.). (2006). Preventing prejudice: A guide for counselors, educators, and parents. New York, NY: Sage.Google Scholar
  15. Ranzijn, R., McConnochie, K., & Nolan, W. (2009). Psychology and indigenous Australians: Foundations of cultural competence. South Yarra, VIC, Australia: Palgrave MacMillan.Google Scholar
  16. Razack, S. H. (1998). Looking white people in the eye: Gender, race, and culture in courtrooms and classrooms. Toronto, ON, Canada: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
  17. Riggs, D. W. (2006). Priscilla, (white) queen of the desert: Queer rights/race privilege. New York, NY: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
  18. Ware, V. (1992). Beyond the pale: White women, racism and history. London, England: Verso.Google Scholar
  19. Wray, M. (2006). Not quite white: White trash and the boundaries of whiteness. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Online Resources

  1. Australian Critical Race and Whiteness Studies Association. http://www.acrawsa.org.au
  2. Whiteness Theory and Education. http://www.pauahtun.org/6624-7624.F03.html

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Social Work and Social PlanningFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia