Synchronization of oscillators

Oscillation is referred to be a repetitive variation in magnitude or position in a regular manner around a central point and is often described through the changing of phase with time. Synchronized oscillation is a phenomenon that a group of individual oscillators vary simultaneously from the central point, that is, phases of different oscillators share the common dependence with time. Synchronization of oscillators is thought to be a process of adjusting the rhythms of many oscillations due to (weak) coupling or external forcing (Pikovsky et al. 2001). The phenomenon of synchronized oscillation was first observed by Huygens in the seventeenth century. He found that two weakly coupled pendulum clocks (hanging on the same wooden beam) become synchronized in phase.