Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry

2014 Edition
| Editors: Gerhard Kreysa, Ken-ichiro Ota, Robert F. Savinell

Nickel Oxide Electrodes

Reference work entry
First Online:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_512
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Introduction

A wide variety of metal oxides are investigated as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors (super capacitors, ultracapacitors). Ruthenium oxide and iridium oxide are frequently used due to its high charging-discharging capacities. However, ruthenium and iridium are high cost and limited resources on the earth. Thus wide varieties of transition metals are studied as the electrode materials to alternate precious metals. Nickel oxide is one of the promising materials for high-performance electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors due to its low cost, high reservation on the earth, and low toxicity for environment.

Mechanisms

Nickel hydroxide exists in four different forms: α-Ni(OH) 2, β-Ni(OH) 2, β-NiOOH, and γ-NiOOH. β-Ni(OH) 2 and β-NiOOH are known as stable forms. The electrochemical reaction of NiO, Ni(OH) 2, and NiOOH is described as below:
$$ \mathrm{ Ni}{{\left( {\mathrm{ OH}} \right)}_2}+\mathrm{ O}{{\mathrm{ H}}^{-}}\leftrightarrow \mathrm{ Ni}\mathrm{...
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References

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Applied Cemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Prefecture UniversityOsakaJapan