Encyclopedia of Applied Electrochemistry

2014 Edition
| Editors: Gerhard Kreysa, Ken-ichiro Ota, Robert F. Savinell

Electrocatalysis of Anodic Reactions

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6996-5_396
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Introduction

The present section describes recent advances in electrocatalysis for anodic reactions in low-temperature fuel cells that use hydrogen/carbon monoxide, methanol, and ethanol as fuels in acidic media. Electrocatalysis in alkaline fuel cells are not discussed.

H2/CO Oxidation

Pure hydrogen (H 2) is an ideal fuel for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Its chemical energy can be electrochemically converted to electrical energy with zero emissions and high efficiency. The reaction rate of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR, see Eq. 1), measured by the exchange current density i 0 (the current density at the equilibrium potential), greatly depends on the electrode materials [ 1, 2]. Platinum undoubtedly is the best catalyst for HOR, and its overpotential is negligibly small. However, H 2 gas for PEMFCs is commonly produced by re-forming methanol or hydrocarbons, and inevitably contains small amounts of carbon monoxide (CO). CO level as low as 5 ppm in H 2can cause...
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© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Chemistry DepartmentBrookhaven National LaboratoryUptonUSA