Galois Counter Mode
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Synonyms
GCM.
Related Concepts
Definition
Galois Counter Mode (GCM) is a block cipher mode of operation that provides authenticated encryption with associated data. It has a minimal computational cost and is widely used in practice, especially at higher data rates.
Background
A mode of operation of a block cipher uses a block cipher, along with other operations, to encrypt or authenticate a message (Encryption and Authentication). A mode of operation that provides authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) will encrypt and authenticate a message, and at the same time, authenticate (but not encrypt) a string of associated data. In practice, a typical use of an AEAD algorithm is to protect a packet by encrypting and authenticating the body of a data packet, and authenticating (but not encrypting) the packet header.
The same block cipher used in different modes...
Recommended Reading
- 1.Dworkin M (Nov 2007) Recommendation for block cipher modes of operation: galois/counter mode (GCM) and GMAC. NIST Special Publication 800-38D, National Institute of Standards and Technology, GaithersburgGoogle Scholar
- 2.McGrew D (Dec 2005) Efficient authentication of large, dynamic data sets using Galois/counter mode (GCM). In: Third international IEEE security in storage workshop, San FranciscoGoogle Scholar
- 3.McGrew D, Viega J (Oct 2004) The security and performance of the Galois/counter mode (GCM) of operation. In: Proceedings of INDOCRYPT04, Chennai. Springer, Berlin. Full paper available from the IACR cryptology ePrint archive: Report 2004/193. http://eprint.iacr.org/2004/193/