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Tsunami Sedimentology

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Complexity in Tsunamis, Volcanoes, and their Hazards

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science Series ((ECSSS))

  • 1120 Accesses

  • Originally published in
  • R. A. Meyers (ed.), Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Glossary

Closure depth:

Is a key parameter in coastal processes and marks the limit where waves interact with sea bottom sediments.

Cross-lamination:

An arrangement of strata that are locally inclined at some angle to the overall planar orientation of the stratification.

Heavy minerals:

Minerals with a density above 2.9 g/cm3.

Laminae :

Thin layer of sediment or sedimentary rock.

Loading structures:

Deformation sediment structure formed during soft-sediment deformation due to overlying weight.

Microtextures:

Microscopic imprints in the surface of sediment grains. Typically analyzed after observation under the scanning electron microscope that allows significant magnifications of the grains.

Mud drapes:

Sedimentation of fine sediments on top of coarser layers occurring only under low-flow conditions.

Normal grading:

Fining-upward sequence with coarser sediments at the base progressively becoming finer to the top.

Parallel lamination or horizontal lamination:

Unit or layer typically with...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto D. Luiz and Departamento de Geologia da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências da, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C6, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal

    Pedro J. M. Costa

  2. Geography, School of Social Sciences, University of Dundee, Tower Building, Nethergate, DD1 4HN, Dundee, Scotland, UK

    S. Dawson

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  1. Pedro J. M. Costa
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  1. Volcano Science Center, US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, USA

    Robert I. Tilling

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Costa, P.J.M., Dawson, S. (2022). Tsunami Sedimentology. In: Tilling, R.I. (eds) Complexity in Tsunamis, Volcanoes, and their Hazards. Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1705-2_646

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