Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science

2009 Edition
| Editors: Robert A. Meyers (Editor-in-Chief)

Volcanic Eruptions: Cyclicity During Lava Dome Growth

  • Oleg Melnik
  • R. Stephen J. Sparks
  • Antonio Costa
  • Alexei A. Barmin
Reference work entry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_578
How to cite

Definition of the Subject

We consider the process of slow extrusion of very viscous magma that forms lava domes. Dome‐building eruptions are commonly associated with hazardous phenomena, including pyroclastic flows generated by dome collapses, explosive eruptions and volcanic blasts. These eruptions commonly display fairly regular alternations between periods of high and low or no activity with time scales from hours to years. Usually hazardous phenomena are associated with periods of high magma discharge rate, thus, understanding the causes of pulsatory activity during extrusive eruptions is an important step towards forecasting volcanic behavior, especially the transition to explosive activity when magma discharge rate increases by a few orders of magnitude. In recent years the risks have increased because the population density in the vicinity of many active volcanoes has increased.

Introduction

Many volcanic eruptions involve the formation of lava domes , which are extrusions of...

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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NERC research grant reference NE/C509958/1. OM and ABacknowledge Russian Foundation for Basic Research (08-01-00016) and President of Russian Federation program (NCH-4710.2006.1). RSJS acknowledgesa Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award. The Royal Scoiety exchange grants and NERC grants had supported the Bristol/Moscow work over the last 10 years.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Oleg Melnik
    • 1
    • 2
  • R. Stephen J. Sparks
    • 2
  • Antonio Costa
    • 2
    • 3
  • Alexei A. Barmin
    • 1
  1. 1.Institute of MechanicsMoscow State UniversityMoscowRussia
  2. 2.Earth Science DepartmentUniversity of BristolBristolUK
  3. 3.Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e VulcanologiaNaplesItaly