Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science

2009 Edition
| Editors: Robert A. Meyers (Editor-in-Chief)

Quantum Computing Using Optics

  • Gerard J. Milburn
  • Andrew G. White
Reference work entry
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_431
How to cite

Definition of the Subject

Quantum computation is a new approach to information processing based on physical devices that operate according to the quantum principles ofsuperposition and unitary evolution [5,9]. This enablesmore efficient algorithms than are available for a computer operating according to classical principles, the most significant of which is Shor'sefficient algorithm for finding the prime factors of a large integer [51]. There is no knownefficient algorithm for this task on conventional computing hardware.

Optical implementations of quantum computing have largely focused on encoding quantum information using single photon states of light. For example,a single photon could be excited to one of two carefully defined orthogonal mode functions of the field with different momentum directions. However,as optical photons do not interact with each other directly, physical devices that enable one encoded bit of information to unitarily change another arehard to implement. In...

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Gerard J. Milburn
    • 1
  • Andrew G. White
    • 1
  1. 1.Centre for Quantum Computer TechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia